Stibium is Antimony

chemical oxygen demand is a measure of water quality and is amount of organic pollutants found in surface water. Potassium permanganate has been used for many years to measure COD

chemical oxygen demand is a measure of water quality and is amount of organic pollutants found in surface water. Potassium permanganate has been used for many years to measure COD

Cassiterite is SnO2 or Tin Oxide

The six noble gases that occur naturally are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and the radioactive radon (Rn).

Hard water is generally found in areas where groundwater is in contact with limestone, chalk and dolomite and gets higher amount of calcium and magnesium dissolved in it.

One important character of Ionic solids is that they readily get dissolved in water

Ozone is heavier than oxygen yet is found in upper atmosphere,

In an electrochemical cell, the half cell where oxidation takes place is known as oxidation half cell and the half cell where reduction takes place is known as reduction half cell. Oxidation takes place at anode which is negatively charged and reduction takes place at cathode which is positively charged.

Electronegativity is an atoms relative ability to remove an electron pair in the formation of a covalent bond. I.e. an atoms ability to steal a pair of electrons from the outer ring of another atom to make a covalent bond, (like a contract to share electons in order to fill there outer shells and become stable)

Across the periodic table (left to right) this gets harder to do due to an increase in attraction forces between the nuclear charge and the outer electons. Therefore across the periodic table ‘more’ electronegativity energy is required to remove those electrons.

Down the periodic table, from top to bottom attraction forces between the electrons in the outer shell and the central nuclear charge decreases (shielding effect of sub levels and increased atomic radius), this make it easier for the electrons to be stolen, so there is less electronegativity required.

Fluorine is the highest and furthest to the right, making it the most electronegative.

(Helium and Neon etc have full outer shells so arent involved in covalent bonds)

Diamond is bad conductor of electrcity