The cooperative learning ideology rests in making the teaching-learning process as leaner cantered rather than being content or teacher centred. It advocates constructivist ideology for the better teaching-learning outcomes by encouraging the students to formulate their own constructs and ways of understanding the content material.

It advocates proper teaching-learning environment instead of mere lecturing and demonstration on the part of the teachers. Here, the responsibility for learning is, thus, shifted to the students from the teachers’ efforts for making them to learn by resorting to various tactics.

Demonstrationinvolves showing by reason or proof, explaining or making clear by use of examples or experiments. Put more simply, demonstration means 'to clearly show.This process comprises of six steps. They are:

• Planning and preparation

• Introduction

• Presentation of subject matter

• Teaching

• Uses of AV aids

• Evaluation

The product of rational number and an irrational number is always equal to an irrational number.

Physical environment has to be favourable to the students in term of the infrastructure. The teacher to student ratio should be adequate and good hygiene is a must.

At the primary level, exposing children to age-appropriate literature is the best form of exposing them to authentic forms of language and to increase their vocabulary. Literature from various genres can be chosen for them as per their interests and it will also help to widen their imagination.

Active participation is an approach that enables individuals to be included in their care and have a greater say in how they live their life in ways that matter to them. The benefits of active participation can be divided into primary benefits and secondary benefits.

The sound system and grammar act as a base for the different linguists. It is an important aspect for them.

Models and maps are visual aids and make use of sense of vision only and radio is an audio aid making use of hearing only. Television is an audio visual aid making use of both hearing and vision.

When focus on reproduction of knowledge is given in the class then it is known as traditional method of teaching learning.

In a social constructivist classroom, tutors and peers play a very important role and in reciprocal teaching among tutor and peer groups adopts following cognitive strategies:

• Questioning

• Summarizing

• Clarifying

• Predicting