● The silver coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri was called Rupiya.

● The Sher Shah started the Suri dynasty in 1540.

● He introduced three coins Dam,Mohur, and Rupiya. They are made of copper(dam),gold(mohur) and silver(Rupiya).

● The small indian copper coin was named Dam.

● The rupiya weighed 178 grains.

o In 2009, the civil war in Sri Lanka end.

o The Civil War in Sri Lanka was a civil war fought from 1983 to 2009.

o The Civil War began on 23 July 1983 and there was an intermittent insurgency by the Velupillai Prabhakaran led Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) against the government.

o In the north-east of the island, The LTTE fought to create an independent Tamil state called Tamil Eelam.

o The end of the war and victims are remembered in Mullivaikkal Remembrance Day and Remembrance Day.

● A satyagrahi could win the battle with non-violence by Appealing to the conscience of the oppressors.

● The person who practices satyagraha is called Satyagrahi.

● Some important principles of satyagraha are Non Violence, Truth, Not stealing, Non-possession, Body-labour, Control of desires, Fearlessness and Equal respect for all religions.

● Satyagraha was a term coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi.

● The first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi was The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917.

● In 1601 A.D. Emperor Akbar build the Buland Darwaja.

● Buland Darwaza, or the “Door of victory”, was built by Mughal emperor Akbar to commemorate his victory over Gujarat.

● It is the main entrance to the Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri, which is 43 km from Agra, India.

● Buland Darwaza is the highest gateway in the world and is an example of Mughal architecture.

● The Buland Darwaza is made of red and buff sandstone, decorated by white and black marble and is higher than the courtyard of the mosque.

● The total height of the structure is about 54 metres from the ground level.

● Raja Ram Mohan Roy played a pivotal role in the setting up of the Brahmo Samaj.

● Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the Father of Modern India.

● He supported the introduction of English education in India, which was necessary to promote enlightenment and knowledge of science.

● He made a deep study not only of Hinduism but also of Islam, Christianity and Judaism.

● He received his traditional Sanskrit learning at Banaras and Arabic and Persian learning at Patna.

● He was born in a well-to-do family in Bengal in 1772.

● He was the founder of the first religious reform organisation i.e. Brahmo Samaj, founded in 1828.

● Ibrahim Lodi was the last ruler of the Lodi dynasty, reigning for nine years until 1526, when he was defeated and killed at the First Battle of Panipat by Babur's invading army, giving way to the emergence of the Mughal Empire in India.

● Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire and the First Emperor of the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent.

● He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother, respectively.

● The growth of Anti-colonial movement led to Unity in India.

● The Indian anti-colonial movement was one of the first nationalist movements to challenge the hegemony of the British empire.

● A political or cultural conflict between two groups often related to the form of government they live under is called Sectarianism.

● The clash of interest is called Conflict.

● Diversity is understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences.

* Puducherry, the capital of the territory was once the original headquarters of the French in India.

* It was under the French rule for 138 years and merged with the Indian Union on 1st November 1954.

* Joseph Marquis Dupleix (23 January 1697 – 10 November 1763) was Governor-General of French India and rival of Robert Clive.

* The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and the then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin on 5 March 1931 before the Second Round Table Conference in London.

* The following were the proposed conditions:

* Stopping of the civil disobedience movement by the Indian National Congress.

* Participation of Indian National Congress in the Second Round Table Conference.

* Withdrawal of all laws issued by the British Government forcing checks on the exercises of the Indian National Congress.

* Stopping of the civil disobedience movement by the Indian National Congress.

o The Soviet Union broke down in the year 1991.

o Mikhail Gorbachev was the president of USSR in 1991 when it disintegrated.

o Both the Revolutions of 1989 in the Eastern Bloc and the dissolution of the Soviet Union marked the end of the Cold War.