The correct answer is 'Fortuitous'.

Key Points

• The given word ' Incidental' means accidentally happening because of an activity or process..(आकस्मिक)
  • Example:  These risks are incidental to the work of a firefighter.
• The marked option 'Fortuitous' means happening by chance rather than intention. (आकस्मिक).
• From the given meanings of both these words, we can say that 'Fortuitous' is nearest in the sense of 'Incidental'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Forlorn means lonely and unhappy; not cared for.(अकेला और उदास; उपेक्षित)
• Severe means causing somebody to suffer, be upset or have difficulties(कठोर, सख्‍़त (जिससे व्‍यक्ति को तकलीफ़, परेशानी या कठिनाई हो)

The correct answer is "to".

Key Points

• The preposition 'to' correctly links the adjective 'alien' with 'Mrs. Kapoor', implying that politeness is a quality unfamiliar or atypical to her.
• 'To' expresses the unfamiliarity or the lack of the quality (politeness) in Mrs. Kapoor.
• The prepositions 'form', 'of', and 'none of these' don't accurately convey the needed meaning in this sentence.
• The adjective 'alien' is usually followed by the preposition 'to' when indicating that a certain characteristic is unfamiliar or strange to a person or situation.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is 'Optimism'.

Key Points

• "Despair" refers to the feeling of losing all hope or confidence (निराशा).
  • Example: After losing his job, he was filled with despair, unsure if he would find employment again.
• The correct word, "Optimism," signifies hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something (आशावाद).
  • Example: Despite the challenges, she maintained her optimism, believing that things would eventually improve.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Additional Information

• Distant means far away in space or time (दूर).
  • Example: He could barely see the distant mountains through the fog.
• Sorrow is a feeling of deep distress caused by loss, disappointment, or other misfortune suffered by oneself or others (दुःख).
  • Example: Her heart was filled with sorrow after hearing the tragic news.
• Distinct means recognisably different in nature from something else of a similar type (स्पष्ट).
  • Example: The distinct smell of freshly baked bread filled the room.

The correct answer is "Four employees were promoted by the management."

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Active Voice. As per the given question, we have to change it into Passive Voice. 
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
  • Subject + V2 + Object. (Active Voice)
  • Subject (objective case)+ was/were + V3 + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
  • Their cousin showed them some rare photographs. (Active Voice)
  • They were shown some rare photographs by their cousin. (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'the management'.​​
• The object of the given sentence is 'four employees'. 
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• 'Promoted' will be changed into 'were promoted'. 
• "Four employees" is a plural subject and we must use "were" with it.
• The preposition "by" is used to indicate the doer of the action in the passive voice.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: Four employees were promoted by the management.

The correct answer is 'Curator'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Curator'.
• Let's look at the meaning of options:
  • Cartographer: A person who draws or produces maps. (नक्शा बनाने वाला)
  • Calligrapher: A person who practices or is skilled in calligraphy, the art of beautiful handwriting. (ख़ुशनवीस)
  • Curator: A keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection. (संग्रहालय का प्रबंधक)
  • Chauffeur: A person employed to drive a private or hired car. (ड्राइवर) 
• The correct answer is option 3) Curator.
• Sentence: The museum's curator carefully selects and preserves artifacts for public display.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

 Let's understand the meaning of the given and the marked words:

•  Lenient - (used about punishment or person who punishes) not as strict as expected.((दंड या दंड देने वाला व्‍यक्ति) जो आशा के अनुरूप कठोर न हो; नरम, सौम्‍य)
  • For Example, the lenient composition operator must be used.  
• Tough - difficult; having or causing problems.(कठिन; समस्‍यापूर्ण या समस्‍याजनक)

​Therefore, Lenient is the opposite of tough.

Additional Information

Let's understand the meaning of other given words:

• Merciful - feeling or showing mercy.(दयावान, सहृदय)
• Soft - not hard or firm. (कठोर या पक्‍का नहीं; कोमल, नरम, मुलायम)
• Hateful - extremely unpleasant.(अत्‍यधिक नापसंद, घृणित, घृणास्‍पद)

The correct answer is Option (3).

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Direct Speech. As per the given question, we have to change it into Indirect Speech.
• The given question is an assertive sentence and in the simple present tense.
• The process of conversion is as follows:
  • The conjunction 'that' will be added and comma and inverted commas will be removed.
  • Reporting speech is in the simple present tense. Hence tense will not be changed.
  • 'I' will be changed into 'he' because the first-person pronouns are changed according to the subject of the reporting verb.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Rahul says that he goes to the gym daily."

The correct answer is To criticize someone for something he/she has done.

Key Points 

• Give someone stick: if you give someone stick, you criticize them for something they have done (किसी के द्वारा किए गए किसी काम के लिए उसकी आलोचना करना)
  • Example: He’s going to get some stick for this!

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is Afflict.

Key Points

• The given word Beset generally means 'to affect somebody/something in a bad way (बुरा या हानिकारक प्रभाव डालना)'
  • Ex: The team has been beset by injuries all season.
  • Synonyms: besiege, attack, afflict, etc.
  • Antonyms: please, aid, assist, etc.
• ​The marked word Afflict means, 'to cause pain or suffering to​ (दुख देना, सताना, पीड़ित करना)'
  • Ex: There should be no shame in being afflicted by an illness.
• Hence, the synonym of the word beset is afflict.

Therefore, option 1 is the correct choice.

Additional Information

Let's look at the meaning of the other options:

• Assist: to help (सहायता करना)
• Content: happy or satisfied with what you have or do (संतुष्‍ट)
• Soothe: to make somebody calmer or less upset; to comfort somebody (किसी को आराम या राहत पहुँचाना)

The erroneous part is 'The furnitures'.

Key Points

• "Furniture" is an uncountable noun, referring to items like chairs, tables, beds, etc. Even when discussing multiple pieces, the term remains unchanged.
• For instance: 
  • Incorrect: He bought three furnitures for the living room.
  • Correct: He bought three pieces of furniture for the living room.
• "Furniture" doesn't change whether we're talking about one or many items; it stays singular and uncountable. 

Correct Sentence: The furniture had become old and rusty.