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Oscillations Test 3
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Oscillations Test 3
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  • Question 1/10
    1 / -0

    Potential energy of a particle with mass m is U=k[x]3 , where k is a positive constant. The particle is oscillating about the origin on x-axis. If the amplitude of oscillation is a, then its time period, T is

    Solutions

    U=Kx3
    F=-du/ 
    F=-Kx ------(2)
    F=-3kx2 -----(1)
    Comparing equation 1 and 2
    K=-3kx
    T=2π√m/K
    Because, x=Asinwt x∝A
    T∝1/√k ∝1/√A

  • Question 2/10
    1 / -0

    The dimensions and unit of phase constant Φ is

    Solutions

    Mathematical constants don't have any dimensions hence, it is dimensionless and phase constant is in angle therefore, the unit is radian.

  • Question 3/10
    1 / -0

     If the reference particle P moves in uniform circular motion, its projection along a diameter of the circle executes

    Solutions

    SHM is a 1D projection of 2D UCM.

  • Question 4/10
    1 / -0

    The equation of motion of a particle is x= 3cos(0.45t+π/4)m. Its maximum acceleration is

  • Question 5/10
    1 / -0

     If the sign in equation F = -kx is changed what would happen to the motion of the oscillating body?

  • Question 6/10
    1 / -0

    Choose the correct time period of the function sin ωt + cos ωt

    Solutions

    If the time period of f(x) = T
    then time period of f(ax+b) = aT
    the time period of sint+cost= 2π
    so, time period of sinωt+cosωt = 2π/ω

  • Question 7/10
    1 / -0

    The velocity and acceleration amplitudes of body executing simple harmonic motion is

    Solutions

    Maximum velocity: v = ωA, where ω is uniform angular velocity and a is the radius of the circle in which a reference particle executing S.H.M.
    Velocity is maximum at mean positions. The maximum value of velocity is called velocity amplitude in SHM.
    Acceleration is maximum at extreme position given by A = - ω2A. The maximum value of acceleration is called acceleration amplitude in SHM.

  • Question 8/10
    1 / -0

    At what distance from the mean position would the K.E of a particle in simple harmonic motion be equal to its potential energy?

    Solutions

    Let say from some distance x, the KE = PE and as total energy must be conserved and TE = -½ kA2
    Thus we get 2PE = ½ kA2
    Thus we get 2kx2 = kA2
    We get x = A / √2

  • Question 9/10
    1 / -0

    What is the maximum Kinetic energy and minimum potential energy of a harmonic oscillator with amplitude 0.03m, force constant 4×105 N/m and total mechanical energy of 230 J.

    Solutions

    K. Σ=1/2 K(A2-x2)
    Max of mean position,
    K. Σ=1/2 KA2
    =1/2 x4x105x(3x10-2)2
    =180J
    T.M. Σ=180+P.Σ
    230=180+P.Σ
    P.Σ=230-180
    P.Σ=50J

  • Question 10/10
    1 / -0

    A particle starts S.H.M. from the mean position. Its amplitude is A and time period is T. At the time when its speed is half of the maximum speed, its displacement y is

    Solutions

    The relation between angular frequency and displacement is given as
    v=ω√A2−x2
    Suppose
    x=A sinω t
    On differentiating the above equation w.r.t. time we get
    dx/dt​=Aωcosωt
    The maximum value of velocity will be [{v{\max }} = A\omega \]
    The displacement for the time when speed is half the maximum is given as
    v=Aω/2
    A2ω2=4ω(A2−x2)
    By substituting the value in (1) we get the displacement as
    x=A√3/2

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