In some plants, like grass,Monsteraand the banyan tree, roots arisefrom parts of the plant other than theradicle and are called adventitious roots

Phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. 120⁰  phyllotaxy occurs in Tristichousarrangementin which three leaves are arranged at each node.

The outer seed coat (testa) of a seed is produced from outer integument of ovule. The inner integument forms tegmen (inner seed coat). Ovary wall forms pericarp (fruit wall).

In parietal placentation, the ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. Ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two chambered due to the formation of the false septum, e.g., mustard and Argemone.

Cabbage is bud of thecabbage plant. Cabbage bud is considered as largest bud present in angiospermic plants. Successive layer of leaves cover the buds to form round structure on condensed stem.

Samara is a winged achene, a type of fruit which a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue develops form the ovary wall.

The root is covered at the apex by a thimble-like structure called the root cap.

Tap roots :-From primary root developing from radical.

Fibrous roots :-As a replacement of primary root.

Adventitious roots:-Through parts other than radical.

Hence (C) is the correct answer.

Hypogynous: Flowers in which the sepals, petals, and stamens are attached below the ovary are called hypogynous, and the ovaries of such flowers are said to be superior. 

Eg: Tomato, Tulip, and Snapdragon.

The white. Translucent, fleshy and edible structure presentbetween seed and pericarp is called aril. It is found in mace of the nutmeg seed.

A pinnately compound leaves is one which the midrib bears laterally a number of leaflets. Unipinnatecompound leaves is present in neem plant.

The stem develops from the plumule of the embryo of a germinating seed.

Leaves perform the function of photosynthesis, exchange of gases and transpiration to loose excess of water. Formation of new buds is not a function of leaves.

Phylloclades is a flattened, photosynthetic branch or stem that resembles or performs the function of a leaf.

So, option C is correct.

When sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping, as in Calotropis, it is said to be valvate.

Carpology is the study of seeds and fruit (pits and stones), grains, aromatic plants and pulses recovered during an archaeological excavation. These remains may be found in privies, storage places, ovens and refuse sites and, more rarely, stuck by charring to ceramic vessels. Archaeologists call these finds plant macro-remains.

Placentation in a syncarpous, unilocular ovary bearing two or more placentae longitudinallyalong the wall is called parietal placentation.

Pneumatophores grow vertically upwards and are seen in Rhizophora. Rhizophora grow in marshy areas where they are rooted in swampy and anaerobic mud. Hence, pneumatophores grow to receive oxygen for respiration.

The stem of Oscimum sanctum or tulsi is quadrangular in shape. The stem is covered with hairy projection.

Ichthyophis is an amphibian which is limbless. Sometimes called as Asian caecilians. They are found in southeast Asiaand the southern Philippines

The stamens in a flower may either remain free (polyandrous) or may be united in varying degrees.

The edible part of apple is fleshy thalamus. Apple is an example of false fruit as it contain thalamus along with ovary.

Cypsela is a single-seeded dry indehiscent fruit that develops froma a one part of inferior ovary which is bicarpellary and syncarpous.

Roots developed from parts of the plant other than radicle are called adventitious roots.