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GK & Current Affairs Test - 5
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GK & Current Affairs Test - 5
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  • Question 1/10
    5 / -1

    Which of the following countries shares the longest border with India?
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Bangladesh.

    Key Points

    • The borderline between India and Bangladesh is 4096.7 kilometers.
    • It is the fifth-longest land limit in the world.
    • India and Bangladesh have one of the longest borders in the world, covering an area of 143,998 square kilometers and a coastline of 580 kilometers.
    • President of Bangladesh: Abdul Hamid.
    • Capital of Bangladesh: Dhaka.
    • Prime Minister of BangladeshSheikh Hasina.
    • Currency of Bangladesh: Bangladeshi Taka.
    • Ambassador of India to Bangladesh​: Vikram Kumar Doraiswamy.

    Additional Information

    • President of Nepal: Bidya Devi Bhandari.
    • Capital of Nepal: Kathmandu.
    • Prime Minister of Nepal: Sher Bahadur Deuba.
    • Currency of Nepal: Nepalese rupee.
    • Ambassador of India to Nepal: Vinay Mohan Kwatra.
    • International organization HeadQuarters in the United Kingdom:
    International OrganisationHeadquarters
    Shanghai Cooperation OrganisationBejing
    New Development BankShanghai
    SAARCKathmandu
    • Ambassador of India to China: Vikram Misri.
    • Ambassador of India to the Maldives: Sunjay Sudhir.
    • Ambassador of India to Bhutan: Ruchira Kamboj.
    CountriesCapitalCurrency
    BhutanThimphuNgultrum
    ChinaBejingChinese Yuan
  • Question 2/10
    5 / -1

    Which is the hottest planet?
    Solutions
    • The sequence of planets according to their distance from the sun is Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
    • Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are called terrestrial planets, and Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are called gaseous planets. 

    Key Points

    Venus:

    • Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system.
    • Although Venus is not the planet closest to the sun, its dense atmosphere traps heat due to the greenhouse effect makes it our solar system's hottest planet.
    • Venus is known as the twin sister of earth.
    • Venus is also known as the Morning star or Evening star.​

    ​Thus, the hottest planet in the solar system is Venus.

    Additional Information

    Mars:

    • It is reddish in appearance and hence known as the  red planet. 
    • It is next to earth if we go from Mercury to Neptune.
    • India has sent orbital satellite Mangalyan to Mars.
    • It has two natural satellites. 

    Saturn:

    • The second-largest planet in the solar system.
    • Titan was discovered by Christian Huygens in 1655.
    • Planet with the most number of moons.
    • Saturn has 82 known moons.
    • Also known as the jewel of the solar system.
    • Saturn's moon Titan is the second-largest moon in the solar system
  • Question 3/10
    5 / -1

    Tropical Grasslands are known as ___________.
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Savanna.

    Key Points

    • Tropical Grasslands
      • Tropical Grasslands or Savannas are also the home of primates in Africa and Asia.
      • Tropical Grassland is a terrestrial biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. The biome is grass and shrubs located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions.
      • Tropical grasslands have dry and wet seasons that remain warm all the time.
      • Tropical grasslands are the ones that receive 50cm to 130cm rain.
      • The tropical grassland is a home for elephants, giraffes, lions, cheetahs, zebras, and other spectacular species.
    • Savanna
      • The Savanna is identified by tall grass and short trees.
      • It is also called 'Bush-Veld'.
      • The trees are deciduous and have broad trunks, with water-storing devices to survive through the prolonged drought.
      • The prevailing winds of this region are the Trade Winds.

    Additional Information

    ContinentsGrasslands
    North AmericaPrairies
    AfricaSavanna
    EuropeSteppes
    AsiaSteppes
    South AmericaSelvas, Pampas
    AustraliaDawns
  • Question 4/10
    5 / -1

    The Sonoran Desert is located in which country?
    Solutions

    The correct answer is the USA.

    Key Points

    • It covers large parts of the Southwestern United States in Arizona and California and of Northwestern Mexico in Sonora, Baja California, and Baja California Sur.
    • It covers an area of 260,000 square kilometres.
    • The western portion of the United States–Mexico border passes through here.
    • It is a type of tropical desert.
    • They are located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
    • The region is characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall.
    • The Sahara desert in Africa and the Thar desert in India are other examples.
  • Question 5/10
    5 / -1

    Which Strait divides Europe from Africa ?
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Gibraltar.

    Key Points

    • Strait of Gibraltar
      • The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Mediterranean Sea and separates Spain on the European continent from Morocco on the African continent.

    • Hence option 3 is correct.

    Additional Information

    • Sunda Strait
      • Sunda Strait, Indonesian Selat Sunda, is a channel, 16–70 miles (26–110 km) wide, between the islands of Java (east) and Sumatra.
      • The Sunda Strait is an important passage connecting the Indian Ocean with eastern Asia.

    • Taiwan Strait
      • The Taiwan Strait, also known as the Formosa Strait, is a 180-kilometre-wide strait separating the island of Taiwan and continental Asia.
      • The strait is currently part of the South China Sea and connects to the East China Sea to the north.
      • The narrowest part is 130 km wide.

    • Tsushima Strait
      • Tsushima Strait or Eastern Channel is a channel of the Korea Strait, which lies between Korea and Japan, connecting the Sea of Japan, the Yellow Sea, and the East China Sea.

  • Question 6/10
    5 / -1

    Wireless communication is reflected to earth’s surface by which layer of atmosphere?
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Ionosphere.

    Key Points

    • Wireless communication is reflected earth’s surface by the Ionosphere. 
      • The ionosphere is the ionized part of Earth's upper atmosphere, from about 48 km to 965 km altitude.
      • It includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere.
      • The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation.
      • It reflects and modifies radio waves used for communication and navigation.

    Additional Information

    • The atmosphere is divided into five different layers, based on temperature.
    • The layer closest to Earth’s surface is the troposphere, reaching about 7 and 15 kilometers from the surface.
    • The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere as you go upwards. A high concentration of ozone, a molecule composed of three atoms of oxygen, makes up the ozone layer of the stratosphere.
    • The uppermost layer, that blends with what is considered to be outer space, is the exosphere. The pull of Earth’s gravity is so small here that molecules of gas escape into outer space. 
  • Question 7/10
    5 / -1

    Which of the following is a local wind of USA?
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Chinook.

    Key Points

    • Chinook is a local wind of USA
    • Chinook winds develop in the northwest region of North America.
    • Chinook is a beneficial wind
    • The Rocky Mountains is the specific regions for the Chinook.
    • Foehn is a hot wind of local importance in the Alps.
    • Foehn is also a beneficial wind.
    • Mistral is a harmful wind.
    • Mistral is very cold and dry at a high speed.
  • Question 8/10
    5 / -1

    Laurasia and Gondwana land were separated by _________.
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Tethys Sea.

    Important Points

    • India is a part of Gondwana land.
    • Around 200 million years ago, the large landmass called Panagea started splitting into two large continental masses called Laurasia and Gondwana.
    • Gondwana was a supercontinent.
    • It existed from the Neoproterozoic period until the Jurassic period.
    • Laurasia is a continental mass in the Northern Hemisphere.
    • It includes North America, Europe, and Asia except peninsular India.
    • The Tethys Sea was an ocean during the Mesozoic era.

    Additional Information

    • The Black Sea separates Europe and Asia.
    • The Red Sea lies between Africa and Arabia.
    • The pacific ocean extends from the Arctic Ocean in the North to the Southern Ocean in the South.
  • Question 9/10
    5 / -1

    Which of the following is called the ”Gateway to the Pacific”?  
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Panama Canal.

    Key Points

    • Panama Canal is called the "Gateway to the Pacific".
    • The Panama Canal is a shortcut between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
    • Using the Panama Canal enables shipping to avoid the longer and stormy passage around Cape Horn (the southern tip of South America).

    79 Panama Canal Map Stock Photos, Pictures & Royalty-Free Images - iStock

    Additional Information

    • Suez Canal:
      • It is a sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez.
    • Bering Sea:
      • It​ is a marginal sea of the Northern Pacific Ocean.
      • It forms, along with the Bering Strait, the divide between the two largest landmasses on Earth: Eurasia and The Americas.
    • Gulf of Alaska:
      • It is a broad inlet of the North Pacific on the south coast of Alaska, the U.S. Bounded by the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island (west) and Cape Spencer (east).
  • Question 10/10
    5 / -1

    What is the name given to winds blowing from sub-tropical high pressure regions, to the equator?
    Solutions

    The correct answer is Tropical easterlies.

    Key Points

    • The Planetary winds that blow from the subtropical high-pressure belts to the equator are known as Trade winds.
    • Tropical Easterlies:
      • From 0-30 degrees latitude, are also called Trade Winds.
      • The trade winds were named by the crews of sailing ships that depended on the winds during westward ocean crossings.

    Additional Information

    • Doldrums are formed in the equatorial belt of low atmospheric pressure where the North-East and South-East trade winds converge on and meet each other, forming calms and light surface winds and a strong upward air movement.
    • Westerlies – These are prevailing winds that flow from the west towards the east. It flows in the Earth’s middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude.
      • Also called anti-trades, these winds originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes and trend towards the poles and steer extratropical cyclones in this general manner.

    Important Points

    • Atmospheric Pressure belts are seasonally identical horizontal pressure variations created in the earth's atmosphere just above the earth's surface due to seasonal and spatial variation of energy received by the earth at different places.
    • There are seven pressure belts on the earth's surface. They are the Equatorial Low, the two Subtropical highs, the two Subpolar lows, and the two Polar highs. Except for the Equatorial low, the others form matching pairs in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

    Equatorial Low-Pressure Belts

    • It is located on either side of the North and South of the Equator in a zone extending from 0o  to 5o.
    • It is thermally induced because of the intense heating of the ground by the vertical rays of the sun.
    • It represents the zone convergence of North-East and South-East trade winds. This convergence zone is characterized by light and feeble winds and because of the frequent calm conditions, this belt is also called a belt of calm or doldrums.

    Subtropical High-Pressure Belts

    • It extends between 30o to 35o both the hemisphere
    • It is not thermally induced but dynamically induced as it owes its origin to the rotation of the earth and sinking and settling down of winds.
    • Here the zone convergence of winds at a higher altitude above this zone results in the subsidence of air from higher altitudes and this wind results in high pressure. This zone of high pressure is also called the Horse latitude.
    • The permanent winds blowing from the Sub-Polar High-Pressure to Sub-Polar Low-Pressure in both the hemisphere are called Westerlies.

    Sub-Polar Low-Pressure Belts

    • It extends between 60o and 65o in both hemispheres.
    • The low-pressure belt does not thermally induce because there is low temperature throughout the year and as such there should have been a high-pressure belt instead of low pressure.
    • Pressure gradient, rotation of the earth and Coriolis force, centrifugal action of wind are the factor that controls the air motion.
    • This region is marked by violent storms in winter.

    Polar High-Pressure Belts

    • Polar high pressure is very small in area and extends between 70o to 90oin both the hemisphere.
    • The temperatures are always extremely low.
    • The Polar regions experience very cold climatic conditions due to the rays of the sun is extremely slanting.
    • These regions of Polar high-pressure belts are known as the Polar Highs.
    • These regions are characterized by permanent IceCaps.

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