Who founded the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336?

1. Krishnadeva Raya and Ramaraya
2. Harihara II and Krishnadeva I
3. Harihara and Bukka
4. Ramaraya and Bukka

Who was the first ruler who inscribed his messages to his subjects and officials on stone surfaces–natural rocks as well as polished pillars?

1. Bimbisara

2. Asoka

3. Ajatasattu

4. Mahapadma Nanda

Identify the name of the deity mentioned in the Rigveda?

1. Vishnu
2. Rudra
3. Rama
4. Krishna

The Manusmriti, one of the best-known legal texts of early India, was written in which language?

1. Pali
2. Sanskrit
3. Prakrit
4. Hindi

One of the most important descriptions of the city of Vijayanagara in the 15th century comes from:

1. Duarte Barbosa
2. Francois Bernier
3. Abdur Razzaq Samarqandi
4. Ibn Battuta

When did the Portuguese conquer Goa?

1. 1510
2. 1512
3. 1522
4. 1515

Identify the incorrect statements regarding the 'Virashaiva' tradition:

(A) The twelfth-century witnessed the emergence of a new movement in Kerala.
(B) This movement was led by Nayanars.
(C) They practiced funerary rites such as cremation.
(D) The tradition discouraged post-puberty marriages and remarriage of widows.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A), (B) and (D) only
2. (A), (B) and (C) only
3. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
4. (B), (C) and (D) only

Identify the traveller who visited the subcontinent in early 17th-century and remarked, "poverty so great and miserable that the life of the people can be depicted only as the home of stark want and the dwelling place of bitter woe":

1. Pelsaert
2. Francois Bernier
3. Ibn Battuta
4. Al-Biruni

Who composed the Ashtadhyayi, a work on Sanskrit grammar?

1. Basha
2. Panini
3. Ashvagosha
4. Bharata

Which Upanishad contains a list of successive generations of teachers and students, many of whom were designated by metronymics?

1. Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
2. Chhandogya Upanishad
3. Markandeya Upanishad
4. Purva Upanishad

Who photographed 'Secundrah Bagh' at Lucknow in 1858?

1. Thomas Barker
2. Felice Beato
3. James Outram
4. Forsyth

Who was the ruler of Awadh in 1856?

1. Nawab Wali Ullah Shah
2. Nawab Bahadur Ali Shah
3. Nawab Kunwar Singh
4. Nawab Wajid Ali Shah

Identify the correct statements for early traditions of ‘bhakti’:

(A) Historians of religion often classify the ‘bhakti’ tradition into three broad categories.

(B) These traditions are often called saguna (with attributes) and nirguna (without attributes).

(C) The saguna focused on worship of specific deities such as Shiva, Vishnu, and his avatars.

(D) Nirguna bhakti, on the other hand, was worship of an abstract form of god.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A), (B) and (D) only
2. (A), (B) and (C) only
3. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
4. (B), (C) and (D) only

When was Rani of Jhansi killed in the battle?

1. July 1857
2. June 1858
3. May 1858
4. August 1858

Match List–I with List–II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
2. (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
3. (A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)
4. (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

Match List–I with List–II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
2. (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV)
3. (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
4. (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

Which mahajanapada became the most powerful between the sixth and the fourth centuries BCE?

1. Kuru
2. Ujjain
3. Magadha
4. Potali

When did Ibn Battuta reach Sind?

1. 1333
2. 1352
3. 1335
4. 1338

Who was known as the best ruler of Shaka dynasty?

1. Rudrakushman
2. Rudradaman
3. Sudarshanam
4. Padamananda

Our understanding of ‘Virashaiva’ tradition is derived from ___________ composed in Kannada by women and men who joined the movement.

1. Tevaram
2. Vachanas
3. Bhajans
4. Naam Kirtan

Karaikkal Ammiyar, a woman saint, was a devotee of:

1. Lord Vishnu
2. Lord Shiva
3. Lord Krishna
4. Lord Rama

‘Metrology’ is the science of _________.

1. Maps
2. Measurement
3. Distance
4. Space Rocks

When did Alexander Cunningham publish a set of Ashokan Inscriptions?

1. 1859

2. 1857

3. 1879

4. 1877

Identify the ‘mature’ Harappan site located in the Jammu and Kashmir?

1. Kalibangan

2. Manda

3. Rakhigarhi

4 Rangpur

When did Mahatma Gandhi shave his head and begin wearing a loincloth in order to identify with the poor?

1. 1923

2. 1921

3. 1922

4. 1919

Which movement appealed to the middle classes in 1905-07?

1. Swadeshi Movement
2. Non-Cooperation Movement
3. Home Rule Movement
4. Champaran Movement

Where was Sheikh Nizamuddin's hospice (khangah) located?

1. Ajmer
2. Nadia
3. Ghiyaspur
4. Ajodhan

Match List-I with List-II:

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
2. (A) - (I), (B) - (III), (C) - (II), (D) - (IV)
3. (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (III)
4. (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Which rulers of Bhopal provided money for the preservation of the ancient site of the 'Sanchi Stupa'?

1. Shahjehan Begum and Sultan Jehan Begum

2. Sultan Jehan Ara and Begum Hazmat

3. Begum Noorjahan and Sultan Safina

4. Sufiya Begum and Ishrat Begum

Who moved the resolution proposing that the National Flag of India be a "horizontal tricolor of saffron, white and dark green in equal proportion":

1. Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Vallabhbhai Patel
3. Maulana Azad
4. Motilal Nehru

When was the First Round Table Conference scheduled in London?

1. October 1930
2. August 1931
3. November 1930
4. December 1931

Identify the term used to denote 'peasant' in the Indo-Persian sources of the Mughal period:

1. Muzarian
2. Begar
3. Majur
4. Muqaddam

Identify the correct statements related to travellers in Medieval India:

1. Al-Biruni was born in 980 in Uzbekistan.
2. Abdur Razzag was a diplomat from Herat.
3. Ion Battuta's travel book is called Rihla.
4. Al-Biruni's book, Kitab-ul-Hind, was written in Arabic.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A), (B) and (D) only
2. (A), (B) and (C) only
3. (A), (B), (C) and (D)
4. (B), (C) and (D) only

Most of the Harappan sites are located in which among the following regions:

1. Semi-arid region
2. Arid region
3. Desert region
4. Flood region

When were Francois Bernier's works published in France?

1. 1670-71

2. 1672-73

3. 1678-79

4. 1681-82

Around 1780s _________ begin to come to Bengal.

1. Paharias
2. Dikus
3. Zamindars
4. Santhals

It was the fifth of a series of reports on the administration and activities of the English East India Company in India. When was this report submitted to the British Parliament?

1. 1818

2. 1819

3. 1815

4. 1813

Arrange the major teachers of the Sufi-tradition in chronological order:

(A) Shaikh Muninuddin Sijzi
(B) Shaikh Fariduddin Ganj-i Shakar
(C) Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya
(D) Shaikh Naisruddin Chiragh-i-Dehli

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (A), (B), (C), (D)
2. (A), (C), (B), (D)
3. (B), (A), (D), (C)
4. (C), (B), (D), (A)

Identify the chronicler, whose account contains discussions trying to place the history of the Mughals within some sort of universal framework:

1. Peter Mundy
2. Francois Bernier
3. Duarte Barbosa
4. Seydi Ali Reis

In which year did the Manchester Cotton Company come into existence?

1. 1862

2. 1860

3. 1857

4. 1859

Identify the main 'ability' of the Chief Draughtsman S.N. Mukherjee?

1. Ability to put complex proposals in clear local language.
2. Ability to put complex proposals in clear political language.
3. Ability to put complex proposals in clear economic language.
4. Ability to put complex proposals in clear legal language.

Who prepared a series of background papers by studying the political systems of other countries?

1. S.N. Mukherjee
2. B.R. Ambedkar
3. B.N. Rau
4. Vallabhbhai Patel

Name the lawyer hailing from Gujarat who was on the Drafting Committee?

1. M.K. Gandhi
2. Rajendra Prasad
3. K.M. Munshi
4. Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyar

Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution?

1. B.N. Rau
2. B.R. Ambedkar
3. K.M. Munshi
4. M.K. Gandhi

Which Ministry did B.R. Ambedkar join in the Union Cabinet after independence?

1. Law Ministry
2. Home Ministry
3. Education Ministry
4. Agriculture Ministry

Which Mughal chronicle mentions about Delhi producing 43 varieties of crops?

1. Babur Nama

2. Mulk Abadi

3. Ain-i Akbari

4. Manzil-Abadi

By 17th-century, Maize became a major crop of which part of India?

1. Northern India
2. Southern India
3. Eastern India
4. Western India

Which seasonal cycle is identified with the 'rabi' crop?

1. Summer
2. Spring
3. Autumn
4. Winter

What is understood by the term 'do-fasla'?

1. One crop a year
2. Two crops a year
3. Four crops a year
4. Three crops a year

What is the meaning of the term 'Jins-i Kamil'?

1. Cultivated Crops
2. Seasonal Crops
3. Perfect Crops
4. New Crops