P: The negative effects of Urbanization are unemployment, overcrowding, global warming, and so on.

Q: Urbanization began to stimulate in India after independence due to rise in the development of the private sector.

R: Like every coin has two sides, it has several positive as well as negative effects.

S: Population living in urban areas in India according to census 2001 was 28.53%, standing at 31.16% as per census 2011.

P. There is more demand for healthy organs globally than the supply which leads to crimes like organ trafficking for commercial purposes.
Q. The organs like liver and kidneys are most commonly traded.
R. The supply from the deceased donors and living donors combined does not meet the total demand for the organs.
S. The victims of organ trafficking are mostly the poor, illiterate, and most vulnerable groups of the society though no one is safe.

P: These were reduced to 299 after the partition of India.

Q: The Constituent Assembly comprised of many prominent leaders who played a key role in the Indian struggle for independence.

R: B.R. Ambedkar was among a few esteemed members of the Constituent Assembly.

S: There were a total of 389 members in the Constituent Assembly.

P: It generally occurs when a person consumes excessive food and does not indulge in any physical activity.

Q: It is also suspected to be a genetic problem.

R: Obesity is a condition wherein a lot of excess fat accumulates in the body.

S:  It increases the risk of other diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain cancers.

P) It's a common symptom in people who have lung cancer.

Q) Dyspnea is the medical word for difficulty breathing.

R) Dyspnea happens when you have trouble moving air in and out of your lungs.

S) You can also have dyspnea if your lungs aren't getting enough oxygen.

P: Nowadays organic foods are gaining popularity as people have become aware of their benefits.

Q: Any food offered for sale as ‘organic food’ in India needs to comply with the provisions laid down under the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP).

R: They do not contain any chemical pesticides and fertilizers.

S: Organic fertilizers, unlike chemical ones are derived from human and animal excreta, and manure of plants.

P) The firm helps a small number of daring founders build legendary companies.

Q) Sequoia is a venture capital focused on energy, financial, enterprise, healthcare, internet, and mobile startups.

R) It spurs them to push the boundaries of what’s possible.

S) It was founded by Don Valentine in November 1972 and is based in Menlo Park, California.

P) Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem.

Q) The goals of PV are to bolster patient safety concerning medicine use by providing a system to collect, assess, and distribute drug safety data.

R) PV activities involve monitoring approved drugs and investigational medicinal products (IMPs) to identify previously unknown adverse effects.

S) It also recognizes changes in the frequency or severity of known adverse effects.

P. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.

Q. This process maintains the Earth’s temperature at around 33 degrees Celsius warmer than it would otherwise be, allowing life on Earth to exist.

R. The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth.

S. The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface.

P) In 2008, SpaceX’s Falcon 1 became the first privately developed liquid-fuel launch vehicle to orbit the Earth.

Q) Founded in 2002, SpaceX’s mission is to enable humans to become a spacefaring civilization and a multi-planet species by building a self-sustaining city on Mars.

R) Elon Musk leads Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX), where he oversees the development and manufacturing of advanced rockets and spacecraft for missions to and beyond Earth orbit.

S) Following that milestone, NASA awarded SpaceX with contracts to carry cargo and crew to the International Space Station (ISS).