The correct answer is Odometer.

Key Points

• An odometer is a device that measures a vehicle's distance travelled.
  • The length is measured on a metre scale.
  • However, it is unable to continuously gather information on how far a vehicle has travelled, making it unsuitable for tracking vehicle distance.

Important Points

• A vehicle's speed is measured using a speedometer.
• Temperature is measured with a thermometer.
• A tachometer is a mechanism that measures the rotation speed of a shaft or disc, such as in a motor.

The correct answer is Ernest Rutherford - Electron.

• Scientist - Discovery pair Ernest Rutherford - Electron is not correct.

Key Points

The correct answer is Menander.

Key Points 

• The Milinda Panha is a Buddhist text which dates from sometime between 100 BC and 200 AD.
• It purports to record a dialogue between the Indian Buddhist sage Nagasena, and the 2nd century BC Indo-Greek king Menander I (Pali: Milinda) of Bactria, in Sagala, present-day Sialkot.
• The Milinda Panha is regarded as canonical in Burmese Buddhism, included as part of the book of Khuddaka Nikaya.
•  An abridged version is included as part of Chinese Mahayana translations of the canon.
• The Milinda Panha is not regarded as canonical by Thai or Sri Lankan Buddhism, however, despite the surviving Theravada text being in Sinhalese script.
• The Chinese text titled the Monk Nagasena Sutra corresponds to the first three chapters of the Milindapanha.
• It was translated sometime during the Eastern Jin dynasty.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kala Pani.

Key Points

• Writer M. Rajendran was awarded for his novel ‘Kala Pani’ in the Tamil language category.
• He hails from Tamil Nadu, India.

Additional Information

• Manoj Kumar Goswami was awarded for his short story Bhool Satya in the Assamese language category.
• Badri Narayan has been awarded for his poetry Tumadi Ke Shabd in the Hindi language category.
• Anis Ashfaq would be conferred for his novel Khwab Saraab in the Urdu language category.
• The award has been given by the union govt for the best literature every year.
• It was established in 1954.

The correct answer is 1952.

Key Points

• The National Forest Policy of 1952 states that forests must cover 33% of the land area to maintain ecological balance.
• It suggested dividing forests into three categories: protection forests, national forests, and village forests.
• It placed emphasis on expanding pastures and wood.
• The policy emphasized the forest's eligibility for an adequate portion of land due to its productive, protective, and bio-aesthetic functions.
• It aimed to cover one-third of the total land area with trees, with 60% of that area being hilly and 20% being plain.
• On the sides of rivers and canals, on roads, on railroads, on arable waste, and on degraded areas, it recommended expanding tree lands.
• The emphasis of the policy was on weaning the nomadic people from the practice of shifting agriculture through guidance.
• It emphasized the importance of having sufficient forest legislation in order to increase the effectiveness of forest administration.
• It placed emphasis on the staff receiving the necessary training.
• It placed a focus on offering suitable infrastructure for managing forests and undertaking research on forestry and the use of forest products.
• Controlling grazing in the woods was emphasized.
• It placed priority on promoting public welfare.
• It placed emphasis on giving rural residents access to fuel wood.

Additional Information

• On October 19, 1894, the Government of India established the first Forest Policy.
• The primary focus areas were
  • maintaining a suitable amount of forest cover for the country's overall well-being,
  • addressing local requirements, and
  • then maximizing revenue collection.
• However, excessive timber harvesting during the two world wars caused significant forest damage.

The correct answer is Venus.

• Venus is known as Earth's twin because of how similar its makeup, size, and mass are to Earth's, giving rise to the nickname.

Key Points

• Because Venus and Earth are almost the same size, roughly the same mass (weigh approximately the same), and have a very similar composition, they are frequently referred to as Earth's twins (are made of the same material).
• Additionally, they are close to planets. Venus and Earth, however, are significantly dissimilar. Venus has a surface temperature that is quite high and an atmosphere that is approximately 100 times thicker than Earth's. Unlike Earth, Venus does not support life or have oceans. Compared to Earth and the other planets, Venus also rotates in the opposite direction.

Hence, the correct answer is Venus is the planet known as the "Earth's Twin".

The correct answer is Swaran Singh Committee.

Key Points

• The 42nd Amendment to the Constitution was enacted in 1976 in response to the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee, which had been appointed by the government earlier that year.
• The group suggested that the Constitution include a chapter on fundamental obligations.

Additional Information

• The Kelkar committee was formed to research and analyse the existing public-private partnership (PPP) paradigm in India.
• The committee was formed by the Indian government and is led by Vijay Kelka.
• The Justice Verma Committee was formed to suggest changes to the Criminal Law to allow for faster prosecution.
• Balwant Mehta committee submitted its report on 1957 and recommended the establishment of the scheme of 'democratic decentralisation' which finally came to be known as Panchayati Raj.

The correct answer is Kannada.

Key Points

• Jnanpith Award is the highest award given to Indian literature by the Jnanapith Trust of India.
• It was established in 1961.
• The first Gyananpith award was given to Malayalam litterateur G. Shankar Kurup.
• This award is given for any language included in the 8th schedule
• The award carries a statue of Vagdevi and a citation of Rs 11 lakh.
• In the year 2018, this award was given for the first time to Amitav Ghosh for English Literature.
• In Kannada literature, this award has been given 7 times so far, which is more than any other language literature.

Important Points

List of Jnanpith Award winners Recently

The correct answer is Sun.

Key Points

The Aditya-1 mission was conceived as a 400kg class satellite carrying one payload, the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) and was planned to launch in an 800 km low earth orbit.  Hence option A is Correct.

• A Satellite placed in the halo orbit around the Lagrangian point 1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/ eclipses. 
• Therefore, the Aditya-1 mission has now been revised to “Aditya-L1 mission” and will be inserted in a halo orbit around the L1, which is 1.5 million km from the Earth. 
• The satellite carries additional six payloads with enhanced science scope and objectives.
• The project is approved and the satellite will be launched during the 2019 - 2020 timeframe by PSLV-XL from Sriharikota.
• Aditya-1 was meant to observe only the solar corona. 
• The outer layers of the Sun, extending to thousands of km above the disc (photosphere) is termed the corona. 
• It has a temperature of more than a million degrees Kelvin which is much higher than the solar disc temperature of around 6000K.
• How the corona gets heated to such high temperatures is still an unanswered question in solar physics.
• Aditya-L1 with additional experiments can now provide observations of the Sun's Corona and photosphere. 

In addition, particle payloads will study the particle flux emanating from the Sun and reaching the L1 orbit, and the magnetometer payload will measure the variation in magnetic field strength at the halo orbit around L1.   These payloads have to be placed outside the interference from the Earth’s magnetic field and could not have been useful in low earth orbit.

The correct answer is Vistara.

Key Points

• Vistara airlines will be merged with Tata-owned Air India by March 2024.
• Singapore Airlines and Tata Sons have agreed to merge Air India and Vistara by March 2024, subject to regulatory approvals.
• Singapore Airlines will invest 250 million Dollars or Rupees 2,000 crore into Air India as soon as this integration is completed.
• Singapore Airlines owns a minority share in Vistara.

Important Points

• The rearrangement will mean a larger fleet and more routes under the Air India brand for worldwide travelling.
• Tata group is already in the process of merging Air India Express and AirAsia India into one entity that will provide low-cost flight options.