The Correct Answer is ​Revanth Reddy.

In News

• Congress names Revanth Reddy as Telangana chief minister.

Key Points

• Congress general secretary KC Venugopal announced 54-year-old Revanth Reddy’s name as the Telangana CM in Delhi.
• He would be sworn-in as the second chief minister of Telangana, which was carved out from Andhra Pradesh in 2014, on December 7 in Hyderabad, succeeding K Chandrashekar Rao (KCR).
• The Congress defeated the Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) by winning 65 of the 119 seats, ending the 10-year rule of KCR in the southern state.

The correct option is rolling friction.

Key Points

Ball Bearings:

• A device known as a ball-bearing is made up of two rings and two freely moving metal balls.
• It is intended to prevent sliding by forcing a machine's moving elements to roll over one another.
• The static friction is changed into rolling friction by them.

The Correct Answer is Russia.

In News

• Shri Sarbananda Sonowal leaves for Russia to represent India at the Eastern Economic Forum, 2023 to be held in Vladivostok.

Key Points

•  The Union Minister of Ports, Shipping & Waterways and Ayush, Shri Sarbananda Sonowal left for Russia to represent India at the Eastern Economic Forum which is being held at the Russian port city of Vladivostok.
• Shri Sonowal will also address stakeholders meet for the ‘Eastern Maritime Corridor’ to operationalise Chennai-Vladivostok route as an alternative trade route.
•  The 8th Eastern Economic Forum 2023 is taking place on 10–13 September 2023 in Vladivostok on the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) campus.
• The Eastern Economic Forum is a key international platform for establishing and strengthening ties within the Russian and global investment communities, and for comprehensive expert evaluation of the economic potential of the Russian Far East, the investment opportunities it offers, and business conditions within advanced special economic zones.
• The Eastern Economic Forum was established by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin in 2015 to support the economic development of Russia’s Far East and to expand international cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.

The correct answer is NITI Aayog.

Key Points

•  NITI Aayog;-
  • NITI Aayog was established by the Government of India in 2015.
  • It is an advisory body to the government on matters of economic policy and development.
  • It is not a constitutional body and does not have any specific powers or functions that are mentioned in any law. (Hence Option 2 is correct)
  • The main purpose of NITI Aayog is to replace the Planning Commission of India.
  • The Planning Commission was a non-statutory body that was established in 1950. It was responsible for formulating and implementing the national development plans.
  • However, the Planning Commission was abolished in 2014 and NITI Aayog was created in its place.
  • NITI Aayog is headed by a full-time chairman who the Prime Minister of India. The chairman is assisted by a vice-chairman and a few other members.
  • The members of NITI Aayog are drawn from different fields, such as economics, business, and government.

Additional Information

• Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI):-
  • It is a statutory authority established by the Government of India under the Aadhaar Act, 2016.
  • The UIDAI is responsible for issuing 12-digit Aadhaar numbers to all residents of India.
• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC):-
  • It is a statutory body established by the Government of India under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
  • The NHRC is responsible for the protection of human rights in India.
  • It does this by investigating complaints of human rights violations, recommending measures to prevent human rights violations, and spreading awareness about human rights.
• Competition Commission of India (CCI):-
  • It is an autonomous statutory body established by the Government of India under the Competition Act, 2002.
  • The CCI is responsible for promoting and enforcing competition in the markets of India.
  • It does this by preventing anti-competitive practices such as cartels, abuse of dominance, and unfair trade practices.

The Correct Answer is Indore.

In News

• Indore bags Best Smart City spot at National Smart Cities Conclave 2023.

Key Points

•  After being ranked as the cleanest city five times, Indore has bagged the top spot for the ‘Best Smart City’ in India at the National Smart Cities Conclave 2023.
• Gujarat’s Surat came in second, while Agra in Uttar Pradesh secured the third position among the smart cities of India.
• Madhya Pradesh was adjudged the Best State in the country, followed by Tamil Nadu. Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh together bagged the third position.
• President Droupadi Murmu felicitated the winners of the fourth edition of the India Smart Cities Award Contest (ISAC) 2022.
• The ISAC has been organised under the Smart Cities Mission, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, since 2018.

The correct answer is The Preamble.

Key Points

• All the fundamental ideas of secularism have been explicitly incorporated into the constitution's different clauses.
• The Preamble was amended by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 to include the word "Secular" (India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic).
• It highlights the fact that India is a constitutionally secular nation without a State religion. And that the state must respect all religions equally without favouring or patronising any one in particular.
• The term "secularism" is similar to the Vedic idea of "Dharma nirapekshata," or the state's disregard for religion.
• Western civilizations, where the government is completely distinct from religion, have adopted this paradigm of secularism (i.e. separation of church and state).
• The "Sarva Dharma Sambhava" (meaning, "that the endpoint of the pathways pursued by all faiths is the same, albeit the paths themselves may be different") is an Indian philosophical concept that refers to the equal respect of all religions.
• This idea, known as "Positive Secularism," which embodies the dominant spirit of Indian culture, was adopted and pushed by individuals like Vivekananda and Mahatma Gandhi.
• There is no recognised state religion in India. However, a person's religion may have various personal rules depending on issues like marriage, divorce, inheritance, and alimony.
• Indian secularism aimed to achieve the peaceful coexistence of various religions, but it was not an end in and of itself.

The correct answer is Lowering the age of voting from 21 to 18.

Key Points

• The 61st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1988 of the Constitution of India lowered the voting age of elections to the Lok Sabha and to the Legislative Assemblies of States. 
• It reduces the age from 21 years to 18 years.

Additional Information 

• The 86th Amendment Act, 2002 made elementary education a fundamental right.
  • It added to article 21 A which states that the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of 6 to 14 years in such manner a the state may determine.
• the 1st Amendment Act, 1951 added ninth schedule to protect the land reform and other laws included in it from the judicial review.

The correct answer is Credit cards.

Key Points

•  Microfinance institutions in India primarily focus on providing financial services to the economically weaker sections of society who do not have access to formal banking services.
• The most common products offered by microfinance institutions in India are personal loans, insurance products, and savings accounts. These products are designed to meet the specific financial needs of the target customers and are offered at affordable interest rates.
• Credit cards are not typically offered by microfinance institutions in India. This is because credit cards are generally associated with higher credit risk and require a certain level of creditworthiness to qualify for them.
• Personal loans are one of the most popular products offered by microfinance institutions in India.
  • These loans are typically used for meeting various personal expenses such as medical emergencies, education, and home renovation.
•  Insurance products such as life insurance and health insurance are also commonly offered by microfinance institutions in India. These products provide financial protection to the customers and their families in case of unforeseen events.

Additional Information

• Personal loans: These are unsecured loans that do not require any collateral. The loan amount is typically small, and the repayment tenure can range from a few months to a few years.
• Insurance products: Microfinance institutions in India offer various insurance products such as life insurance, health insurance, and crop insurance. These products are designed to provide financial protection to the customers and their families in case of unforeseen events.
• Saving accounts: These are basic savings accounts that can be opened with a small deposit. The interest rates offered on these accounts are usually higher than those offered by traditional banks.

The correct answer is To measure income inequality.

Key Points

• Gini Coefficient represent the Distribution of Income.
• It measures the degree of income inequality in the country's population.
• Gini coefficient is also one of the indicators of economic development in the country.
• The value of the Gini Coefficient varies from 0 to 1.
• 0 means perfect equality everyone has the same income, and 1 means perfect inequality all the income is received by a single individual.
• Graphical Representation of the Gini Index (Lorenz curve)

The correct answer is Lord Hardinge II.

Key Points

• Partition of Bengal (1905):
  • The partition separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas on 16 October 1905 after being announced on 19 July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India.
  • To appease Bengali sentiment, Bengal was reunited by Lord Hardinge II in 1911, in response to the Swadeshi movement's riots in protest against the policy and they began an angry agitation, featuring belief among Hindus that East Bengal would have its own courts and policies.

Additional Information

• Lord Hardinge II (1910 – 1916):
  • Transfer of Capital from Calcutta to Delhi.
  • Hindu Mahasabha was established by Madan Mohan Malaviya.
• Lord Curzon (1899 – 1905):
  • Indian Universities act – to control Indian Universities.
  • Partition of Bengal.
• Lord Lytton (1876 – 1880):
  • Vernacular Press Act, 1878.
  • Arms Act, 1878.
  • Ignored severe famine and organized durbar. Proclaimed Queen Victoria “The Empress of India”.
  • Abolished tax on cotton for British traders.
  • The maximum age to take up the civil services exam is lowered from 21 to 19.
• Lord Minto (1905 – 1910):
  • Morley – Minto reforms