The correct answer is Meena Charanda.

In News

• Prof. Meena Charanda, the Principal of Kalindi College, Delhi University, received the International Culture Award for the year 2024.

Key Points

• She has been recognized for her remarkable contributions in the fields of education, social service, and political science research.
• The award was presented to her by Socrates Social Research University at a program held at the India International Center on March 30.
• A 5-member committee was formed to select the awardee, which received nominations of more than 50 women.
• Prof. Charanda's extensive work in teaching, research, and writing, particularly on Dalit assemblies in Uttar Pradesh, has earned her this prestigious recognition.
• Her academic achievements include a PhD from Delhi University and the publication of a book on the role of Dalit MLAs in the Uttar Pradesh Assembly.
• Prof. Charanda's selection highlights her significant contributions to academia and social welfare, making her a deserving recipient of the International Culture Award.

Mendeleev started his work when 63 elements were known. He arranged these elements in a periodic table based on their atomic weight and properties. His work laid the foundation for modern periodic table and helped in predicting the properties of yet-to-be-discovered elements.

The correct answer is October 2, 2019.

Key Points

• Swachh Bharat Mission:
  • To accelerate the efforts to achieve Universal Sanitation Coverage and to put the focus on sanitation.
  • Swachh Bharat Mission was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2 October 2014.
  • Initiated by the Government of India, the mission aimed to achieve an "open-defecation-free" (ODF) India by 2 October 2019.
  • The 150th anniversary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi through the construction of toilets.
  • An estimated 89.9 million toilets were built in the period.
  • Image result for Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) launched in 2014, aim at Open Defecation Free India by 2nd Oct 2019. Hence the correct answer is option 4.
  • The mission aims to achieve universal sanitation coverage and to encourage hygienic sanitation practice.
  • The scheme is also known as the “Clean India Mission”.
  • The project was launched as a tribute to Mahatma Gandhi.

The correct answer is 1999.

Key Points

• Pt .Ravi Shankar was a renowned Sitarist who was awarded India's highest civilian honor, the Bharat Ratna, in 1999.
• He was also an Indian composer and musician born on 7 April 1920.
• He has been honored with prestigious awards such as Padma Bhushan, Padma Vibhushan, Bharat Ratna, and Grammy Award.
• The "Sitar maestro" was the best-known proponent of the sitar in the second half of the 20th century and influenced many other musicians throughout the world including Beatles guitarist George Harrison.

The correct answer is 1927.

Key Points

• In 1927 at its Madras session, the Indian National Congress set up an All Parties Conference to draft a Constitution for India.
• The session was presided over by Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari.
• It challenged Lord Birkenhead, the Secretary of State for India, to draft a constitution that would be acceptable to the Indian populace.
• A faction of the Muslim League, led by Mohammed Ali Jinnah, also decided to boycott the Commission.

Additional Information

Let's have a look at other options:

The correct answer is Distillation.

Key Points

• Distillation:
• This is a process used to separate components of a mixture using differences in their boiling points.
• The mixture is heated to a temperature at which one or more components evaporate, and then the vapor is condensed and collected separately.
• It's commonly used to purify liquids, such as alcohol or water, or to separate petroleum into various components, from gasoline to tar.

Additional Information

• Carbonation:
  • This is the process of dissolving carbon dioxide in water.
  • The process usually involves pressure and low temperatures.
  • When the pressure is reduced, the carbon dioxide is released from the solution as small bubbles,
  • Which gives the solution a fizzy taste. It is commonly used in the creation of soft drinks.
• Sublimation:
  • This is a process in which a substance goes directly from the solid phase to the gas phase, skipping the liquid phase.
  • Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) is a common example of a substance that sublimates.
  • This process can be used to purify certain substances that sublimate, such as iodine or naphthalene (mothballs).
• Emulsification:
  • This is the process of mixing two or more immiscible (unblendable) substances.
  • This is typically accomplished with the help of a third substance called an emulsifier or emulsifying agent
  • Which is soluble in both of the mixed substances.
  • Mayonnaise is a common example of an emulsion
  • Where oil and vinegar (which are normally immiscible) are mixed together using egg yolk as an emulsifier.

The correct answer is structural composition.

Key Points

• The contribution made by each sector of the economy to GDP is called the "structural composition" of GDP.
• It refers to the distribution or breakdown of economic activities across various sectors of the economy.
• It provides insights into the relative importance of different sectors in generating economic output.
• The structural composition of GDP typically includes sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services.

Additional Information

Nominal composition:

• Nominal composition refers to the composition of GDP in current prices without adjusting for inflation.
• It reflects the value of goods and services produced by each sector without considering changes in price levels over time.
• Nominal composition is useful for understanding the overall size and value of different sectors.

Real GDP:

• Real GDP adjusts nominal GDP for changes in price levels to provide a measure of economic output adjusted for inflation.
• Real GDP is calculated by removing the effect of price changes from nominal GDP.
• It provides a more accurate representation of changes in the quantity of goods and services produced by each sector.​

Real composition:

• "Real composition" is not a commonly used term in the context of GDP.
• It does not specifically describe the contribution of each sector to GDP or account for inflation adjustments.

The correct answer is Chennai.

In News

• The Param Vir Chakra garden and Aikyam exhibition were inaugurated at Kanchi Mahaswami Vidya Mandir in Tambaram, Chennai.

Key Points

• The inauguration ceremony was conducted by R.N. Ravi, Governor of Tamil Nadu, along with other dignitaries.
• The garden showcases the history and monuments of India's 21 Param Vir Chakra honorees, the highest military decoration for courage.
• Lt. Gen. Karanbir Singh Brar appreciated the initiative, highlighting the significance of honoring the Indian Armed Forces.
• The event also had spiritual significance with the inspection by the Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham pontiff, Sri Sankara Vijayendra Saraswathi.

Additional Information

Indian Military Decorations in the order of precedence:

• Wartime gallantry awards
  •  Vir Chakra (PVC)
  • Maha Vir Chakra (MVC)
  • Vir Chakra (VrC)
• Peacetime gallantry awards
  • Ashok Chakra (AC)
  • Kirti Chakra (KC)
  • Shaurya Chakra (SC)
• Wartime distinguished service medals
  • Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal (SYSM)
  • Uttam Yudh Seva Medal (UYSM)
  • Yudh Seva Medal (YSM)
• Peacetime distinguished service medals
  • Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM)
  • Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM)
  • Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM)
• Distinguished Service & Gallantry medals
  • Sena Medal (Army) (SM)
  • Nausena Medal (Navy) (NM)
  • Vayusena Medal (Air Force) (VM)

Concept:

• The d-block elements are called transition metals and have valence electrons in the d-orbital, that's why such metals are named d-block elements.
• The position of d-block elements is in between s-block and p-block elements in the periodic table.
• These d-block elements are called transition elements because they exhibit transitional behavior between s-block and p-block elements.
• Valence shell electronic configuration of d-block element is (n– 1)d^1-10 ns^1-2.
• There are three series of transition elements known as 3d series, 4d series, 5d series. 
• 3d series start from Scandium (Sc) to Zinc (Zn).
•  4d series start from Yttrium (Y) to Cadmium (Cd).
• 5d series start from Lanthanum(La) to Mercury (Hg), excluding Cerium (Ce) to Lutetium (Lu).

Calculation:

• The given metals Zinc, iron, Copper and Nickel are all d block metals.
• The electronic configuration of the ions and their number of unpaired electrons are given in the table below:

• From the above chart, we see that Fe²⁺ has the maximum number of unpaired electrons, that is four distributed as shown below:

Hence, the species that has a maximum no. of unpaired electrons is Fe²⁺.

Mistake Points

The correct answer is Pallavas.

Key Points

• This group of sanctuaries, founded by the Pallava kings, was carved out of rock along the Coromandel coast in the 7th and 8th centuries.
• It is known especially for its rathas (temples in the form of chariots), mandapas (cave sanctuaries).
• The city of Mahabalipuram was founded by the Pallava king Narasimhavarman I.
• It has 40 ancient monuments and Hindu temples, including one of the largest open-air rock reliefs in the world: the Descent of the Ganges or Arjuna's Penance.

Additional Information

• Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur was built during the reign of the Chola emperor Rajaraja and designed by the famous architect Sama Varma between 1003 and 1010 AD.
• Tiruvalisvaram Temple at Brahmadesam, Uttarakailash temple at Tiruvadi, Rajarajeshwar temple at Tanjore, Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram were built by Chola emperor Rajaraja II and the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva.
• Some famous temple and monuments built during the period of Chalukyas:
  • Badami cave Temples, Karnataka.
  • Virupaksha Temple at Pattadakal.
  • Ravana Phadi Cave, Aihole.
  • Sangameshvara Temple, Pattadakal.