The correct answer is Bow and arrow.

Key Points

• The emblem of Cheras was “bow and arrow”. The Pugalur inscription of the 1st century AD has reference to three generations of Chera rulers. The Cheras owed its importance to trade with the Romans.

Additional Information

• Rashtrakuta dynasty (755 AD-975 AD):
  • The Golden Eagle was the Royal emblem of the Rashtrakutas.
  • Dantidurga (735 – 756) was the founder of the Rashtrakuta dynasty.
  • Amoghavarsha I (814 – 878) was the greatest king of the Rashtrakuta dynasty.
• Kadamba dynasty (345 - 525 AD):
  • The Lion was the Royal emblem of the Kadamba dynasty.
  • Mayurasharma was the founder of the Kadamba dynasty.
  • Kakustha Varma is considered the most powerful ruler of the dynasty.
• Chola dynasty:
  • The Tiger was the Royal emblem of the Chola Dynasty.
  • Vijayalaya was the founder of the Chola Empire.

The correct answer is Part V.

Key Points

• The Union Executive of India's Constitution is covered in Part V.
• This part, ranging from article 52 to 151, lays out the roles and powers of the President, Vice-president, Council of Ministers, Attorney General of India, Comptroller and Auditor General, and other executive functions of the Central Government of India.
• Additionally, it details processes such as the appointment, terms of office, and the conditions of service of these posts.

Important Points

Additional Information

• President (Article 52-62): The President is the head of the Union Executive and also the first citizen of India. Articles describe the election, qualifications, term of office, Oath, conditions of the President's office, and the process in the event of impeachment.
• Vice-President (Article 63-71): The Constitution provides for a Vice-President and outlines the manner of their election, their role (especially as the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha), and the process for removal from office.
• Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head (Article 74-75): Article 74 mandates a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as the head to aid and advise the President. Article 75 provides details on who appoints the Prime Minister and other ministers, their responsibilities, the oath of office, etc.
• Attorney General (Article 76): The Attorney General is the highest law officer in the country. Article 76 outlines the qualifications, appointment, duties and rights of the Attorney General.
• Comptroller and Auditor General (Article 148-151): The CAG audits all expenditures from the Consolidated Fund of India. Details about the office, appointment, removal, and duties of the CAG are provided here.

Points to ponder

• The President has the power to seek advice from the Supreme Court (Article 143).
• The Vice-President acts as President during any vacancies or when the President is unable to fulfill their duties.
• The Prime Minister has a pivotal role in the functioning of the Union Government. The President exercises his/her powers on the advice of the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.
• Article 77 lays down the procedure for the work of the Government of India - it should be done in the name of the President.
• The Attorney General, though not a member of the parliament, has the right to participate in its proceedings.
• The CAG reports to the President, who places these reports before both Houses of the Parliament.

• The National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947.
• The ratio of breadth to length of the Indian national flag is 2 : 3.
• The National flag of India is a horizontal tricolor of deep saffron (Kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion.
• In the centre of the white band is a navy blue wheel which represents the chakra. Its design is that of the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.
• Its diameter approximates to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes.
• It became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947.
• The Prime Minister hoists the national flag at the Red Fort on Independence Day.
• Pingali Venkayya is the designer of the Indian National Flag.

The correct answer is Mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.

Additional Information

• "Operation Flood" is a mission to increase the performance of the dairy sector.
• Operation Flood was launched in 1970 by National Dairy Development Board during the time of the Fourth Five Year Plan.
• Operation flood was the world's biggest dairy development program which gave a major thrust to the milk production of the nation.
• It aimed at helping the dairy industry sustain itself economically while providing employment to poor farmers.
• The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products.
• White Revolution contributed to a large extent to alleviate poverty in India.
• Gujarat-based co-operation “Anand Milk Union Limited” (Amul) was the engine behind the success of the programme.
• Operation Flood is called the White Revolution in India.
• The programme to increase the production of milk is called White Revolution.
• Indian Dairy Association decided to observe the birthday of Verghese Kurien as National Milk Day.
• 'Unfinished Dream' is a book written by Verghese Kurien.

Important Points

• Father of White Revolution in India - Verghese Kurien.
• Milkman of India - Verghese Kurien.
• National Milk Day - November 26.
• National Dairy Development Board - Anand (Gujarat).
• National Dairy Research Institute - Karnal (Haryana).
• The largest producer of Milk and Milk Products in the World - India.

The correct answer is 14.

Key Points

• Nationalisation of Bank in India:
  • On July 19, 1969, Indira Gandhi who was both Prime Minister and Finance Minister at that time decided to nationalise the 14 largest private banks of the country. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
  • The largest and the oldest bank which is still in existence is the State Bank of India (SBI).
    • It originated and started working as the Bank of Calcutta in mid-June 1806.
    • In 1809, it was renamed the Bank of Bengal.
    • This was one of the three banks founded by a presidential government, the other two were the Bank of Bombay in 1840 and the Bank of Madras in 1843.
  • The three banks were merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which upon India's independence, became the State Bank of India in 1955.
  • For many years, the presidency banks had acted as quasi-central banks, as did their successors, until the Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935, under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
  • In 1960, the State Banks of India was given control of eight state-associated banks under the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959. These are now called associate banks.
  • In 1969, the Government of India nationalised 14 major private banks; one of the big banks as Bank of India. In 1980, 6 more private banks were nationalised.
  • These nationalised banks are the majority of lenders in the Indian economy.
  • They dominate the banking sector because of their large size and widespread networks.

The correct answer is Vautha Mela.

Key Points

• Vautha Mela is an animal trading festival in the Indian state of Gujarat.
  • It is organized in November in a village called Vautha.
  • Hundreds of farmers and traders across India descend on the tiny village of Vautha to trade their decorated donkeys and camels during the Vautha Fair.
  • The fair lasts for up to five days and includes stalls selling handicrafts, fairground rides and incredible local fare.
  • Camper tents are set up near the venue, providing an unmissable opportunity to witness the trading and be a part of the festivities.
  • This time is also religiously significant as the location happens to be the place where seven holy rivers unite.

Additional Information

• The Madhavpur Mela of Gujarat shares its connection to the Mishmi Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh.
  • The festival celebrates the immortal journey which Rukmini undertook from Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat with Lord Krishna.
  • The Mishmi Tribe traces its ancestry to the legendary King Bhishmak and through him to his daughter Rukmini and Lord Krishna.
  • This event is commemorated by a cultural fair held every year, commencing on Ram Navami.
• The Ambubachi Mela is an annual Mela held at Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati, Assam.
  • This four-day festival is celebrated during the Assamese month of Ahaar (mid-June).
  • The Maa Kamakhya Devi temple is one of Assam’s most well-known temples, and Goddess Kamakhya is worshipped here. 
  • It is believed that this festival is celebrated to mark the yearly menstruation course of Goddess Kamakhya.
• Kumbh Mela is a major pilgrimage and festival in Hinduism.
  • It is celebrated in a cycle of approximately 12 years, to celebrate every revolution Brihaspati (Jupiter) completes, at four river-bank pilgrimage sites: the (Prayagraj (Ganges-Yamuna-Sarasvati rivers confluence), Haridwar (Ganges), Nashik (Godavari), and Ujjain (Shipra).
  • The festival is traditionally credited to the 8th-century Hindu philosopher and saint Adi Shankara, as a part of his efforts to start major Hindu gatherings for philosophical discussions and debates along with Hindu monasteries

The correct answer is Vijay Ghat.

Key Points

• Vijay Ghat is the Final resting place (Samadhi) of Lal Bahadur Shastri in Delhi. 
  • Vijay Ghat is the memorial of India’s second Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri.
  • Vijay means victory and his memorial was named after the victory he led India to in the 1965 war against Pakistan.
• The memorial marks the spot where Shastri was cremated and prayer services are held every year on his birth and death anniversaries.
• Many international heads of state and visiting dignitaries visit Vijay Ghat to pay their respects to this great leader.

Additional Information

Key Points

• Ayurveda is the Upaveda of the Rigveda which deals with medicine.
• It is an alternative medicine system with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent.
• The two famous practitioners of Ayurveda in ancient India were Charaka and Sushruta.
• Charak Samhita written by Charak is a remarkable book on medicine.
• Susruta Samhita written by Sushruta speaks about elaborate surgical procedures.
• According to the Puranas, Dhanwantari is known as the inventor of Ayurveda medicine.

Additional Information

• ​RigVeda
• The oldest religious text in the world.
  • It is a collection of hymns, composed around 1700 BC, contains 1,028 hymns, and is divided into 10 mandalas.
  • The third mandala contains the Gayatri Mantra.
  • Saraswati is the deity river in Rigveda.
  • Rigveda consists of 10 Mandalas.
  • 8th Mandala is ascribed to Kanvas and Angiras.
  • 9th Mandala is a compilation of soma hymns.

Important Points

•  Dhanurveda
  • Dhanurveda deals with the knowledge of archery.
  • The Period of Dhanurveda was from 1700 to 1100 BCE and contains references to martial arts.
  • The author of Dhanurveda is Vishvamitra also known as Bhrigu.
• Gandharva Veda
  • It deals with Music and Dance and is associated with the Samveda.
  • It is effectively used in meditation as it helps yoga transcend to the innermost level of the mind.
• Shilpveda
  • It is the Veda of establishing a relationship between a dwelling and its dweller.
  • It is the Upaveda of Atharvaveda.

The correct answer is Odisha.

• Bali Yatra Utsav is celebrated every year in Cuttack.
• Its is celebrated on the full moon day in the holy month of Kartik.
• To commemorate the day when Sadhabas would set sail to distant island of Bali, for trade and cultural expansion

Important Points

Additional Information

• CM of Odisha - Mohan Charan Majhi
• He is the 15th CM of Odisha.
• Establishment year - 1 April 1936.
• Lok Sabha seat in Odisha - 21.
• Rajya Sabha seat in Odisha- 10

The Correct answer is Liver.

Liver-

• The liver is the largest gland in the body.
• The liver mainly secretes 'Bile Juice' which is stored in the Gall bladder.
• Bile Juice and Pancreatic juice are released into the small intestine by a common duct.
• Unused glucose is stored in the liver in the form of glycogen.
• Heparin, Urea, and Bile Juice are produced in the liver.
• The major supply of blood to the liver is by 'portal vein'(75%) & remaining (25%) by Hepatic artery.
• That is why the liver is known to have a 'Dual blood supply'.