Option 3 is correct, i.e. Savanna - Africa.

• Savanna grassland is found in the hot zone(10-30 degree N & S) with the Sudan climate type.
• Los Llanos is a vast tropical grassland plain situated to the east of the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela, in northwestern South America.
• Steppe or temperate grassland is found in the warm Temperate zone(30-45 degrees N & S) with the central continental(steppe) climate type.​

The correct answer is Sutlej.

Key Points

• Sutlej river originates from the 'Rakas Lake'.
• The origin of the Sutlej River is located close to Lake Rakas tal in Tibet in the vicinity of the Kailash Mountain Range.
• The waters of the Satluj River are distributed to India according to the Indus Waters Treaty between Pakistan and India
• There are various hydroelectric power and irrigation projects over the river like the Kol Dam, Bhakra Nangal Dam, Baspa Hydroelectric Power Project, and Nathpa Jhakri Project.

Additional Information

• The Beas river rises at Rohtang Pass in the Western Himalayas.
• The Jhelum river rises from a deep spring at Vernag, in western Jammu and Kashmir.
• The Chenab is born through the confluence of two streams, namely the Chandra and Bhaga. Chandra River originates from Chandra Glacier in Spiti Valley near Chadratal Lake and Bhaga River from Suraj Tal at Baralacha Pass.

The correct answer is 1, 2, and 3 only.

Key Points

West flowing rivers of Western Ghats

• The rivers that originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the west are Periyar, Bharathappuzha, Netravati, Sharavathi, Mandovi etc.
• The west-flowing rivers of Western Ghats are fast-moving, owing to the short distance travelled and steeper gradient.
• This makes the Western Ghats more useful in terms of the production of hydroelectricity. The steep

East flowing rivers of Western Ghats

• The rivers that originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the east include three major rivers viz. The Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri, and many smaller/tributary rivers such as Tunga, Bhadra, Bhima, Malaprabha, Ghataprabha, Hemavathi, and Kabini. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
• These east-flowing rivers are comparatively slower moving and eventually merge into larger rivers such as the Kaveri and Krishna.

Additional Information

Western Ghats

• The Western Ghats, also known as the Sahyadri Hills, are well known for their rich and unique assemblage of flora and fauna.
• The range is called Sahyadri in northern Maharashtra and Sahya Parvatham in Kerala.
• The northern portion of the narrow coastal plain between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea is known as the Konkan Coast.
• The central portion is called Kanara and the southern portion is called the Malabar region or the Malabar Coast.
• The foothill region east of the Ghats in Maharashtra is known as Desh, while the eastern foothills of central Karnataka state are known as Malanadu.
• In the south, the range is known as the Nilgiri malai in Tamil Nadu.
• It is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• It is one of the eight hotspots of biological diversity in the world due to its high level of biological diversity and endemism.

Important Points

• Narmada River - Also known as Reva.
  • It is also known as "Life Line of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat".
  • State - Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat
  • Basin area - 98,796 km2
  • Length - 1,312 km
  • Source -  Narmada Kund (Vindhyachal Parvat Amarkantak Plateau, Anuppur district, Madhya Pradesh)
  • Mouth - Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea), Bharuch District, Gujarat​​
• Tapi River - ​
  • State - Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat
  • Basin area - 62,225 km2
  • Length - 724 km
  • Source - Multai, Madhyapradesh
  • Mouth -  Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea), Dumas, Surat, Gujarat​
• Mahi River - 
  • ​State - Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat
  • Basin area - 35,000 km2
  • Length - 580 km
  • Source - Vindhyas, Madhya Pradesh
  • Mouth -  Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea) Anand District, Gujarat
• Sabarmati River - 
  • ​​State - Rajasthan, Gujarat
  • Basin area - 30,680 km2
  • Length - 371 km
  • Source - Aravalli Range, Udaipur District, Rajasthan
  • Mouth -  Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea), Gujarat

The correct answer is Manjira.

Key Points

• Major tributary of Godavari, arising in Balaghat hills. 
• It contributes to around 6% of the total waters of Godavari. 
• Manjira River flows along the eastern boundary of the Nanded district towards the north. 
• Later it meets the Godavari. 
• Manyad and Lendi are the tributaries of the river.  Manjeera is a tributary of river Godavari and is a principal river flowing in Nizamabad district. 
• It raises in the Balaghat hills and enters Andhra Pradesh in Medak district.

Additional Information

• Pravara
  • ​It is tributary of the river Godavari.
  • Total Length of Pravara is 120 miles.
  • The Dam Bhandardara is constructed across the river at Bhandardara, near by are the Randha falls. 
• Wainganga
  • It is the tributary of River Godavari. 
  • Wainganga River receives numerous tributaries on either bank and drains the western, central and eastern regions of the Chandrapur and Nagpur district. 
• The river Purna
  • which is tributary of Godavari, rises in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh and flows due west across Akola district into Buldana district of Maharashtra.
  • It passes from east to west through the northern part of the Parbhani district and joins the Godavari at Kantheshwar in Purna Taluka.

The Correct Answer is Option 1 i.e Peninsular Plateau.

Key Points:

Black soils:

• ​Indian black soils are commonly known as Black Cotton Soils or “Regur”.
• Black soil is known as Black Cotton Soil as cotton is an important crop that is grown in this type of soil.
• Black soil is good for producing cotton, oilseeds, wheat, linseed, millets, and tobacco.
• This soil is rich in calcium carbonate, potash, and lime but has poor phosphorus content.
• Black soil can hold a lot of moisture.
• It is mostly found in the Peninsular Plateau of India.
• It is mostly found in areas such as Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra. It is also found in states like Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka.

Mountain soils:

• Mountain soils are formed due to the accumulation of organic matter which is derived from the forest growth and is generally shallow in-depth and immature.
• This type of soil is rich in humus but has poor lime, potash, and phosphorus content.

Desert Soil:

• Desert soil is found in regions with low rainfall in an arid and semi-arid climate.
• The phosphate content in the soil is high, while the nitrogen content is low. Desert soil lacks humus and moisture.
• Laterite soil: It is found in those regions of the country which receive heavy rainfall with an alternate dry and wet period - mainly, near the coasts.

The correct answer is Sub tropical high-pressure

Key Points:

• The subtropical high-pressure belt region is also known as the horse latitude. These latitudes are characterized by calm winds and little precipitation.
• These ships often encountered areas of high pressure and calm winds, making them unable to sail and resupply for days or even weeks. The crews often ran out of drinking water. To conserve water for their own survival, the sailors would throw the horses into the sea, hence the name horse latitudes.
• A horse latitude is a belt of calm air and sea in both the northern and southern hemispheres between the trade winds and the westerlies.

Additional Information:

• The "doldrums" is a popular nautical term that refers to the belt around the Earth near the equator where sailing ships sometimes get stuck on windless waters. This NASA satellite image shows the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone, known to sailors around the world as the doldrums.
•  Polar Highs: At the North and South Poles, between 700 to 900 North and South, the temperatures are always extremely low. The cold descending air gives rise to high pressures over the Poles. These areas of high pressure are known as the Polar Highs.
• the equatorial low: Near the equator the sea level pressure is low and the area is known as the equatorial low. Along 30° N and 30° S are found the high-pressure areas known as the subtropical highs. Further pole wards along 60° N and 60° S, the low-pressure belts are termed as the subpolar lows.

Thus, Sub tropical high-pressure belt on the globe is otherwise known as the Horse Latitude.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The Dhuadhar Falls is formed by the Narmada River.
• The Narmada River is one of the major rivers in central India, and it flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
• The Dhuadhar Falls is located near Jabalpur in the state of Madhya Pradesh and is a popular tourist attraction known for its powerful cascades and misty appearance, hence the name "Dhuadhar," which means "smoke cascade" in Hindi.

Additional Information

• The Tapi River, also known as the Tapti River, is one of the major rivers in India.
• It is located in the western part of the country and flows through the states of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. Here are some key details about the Tapi River:
  • Origin: The Tapi River originates in the Betul district of Madhya Pradesh, near Multai town, in the Satpura Range of hills.
  • Course: The river flows westward through Madhya Pradesh and enters Maharashtra near Bhusawal. It then continues its westward journey through Maharashtra, passing through cities like Jalgaon, Burhanpur, and Surat. Finally, it enters the Gulf of Khambhat in the Arabian Sea in Gujarat.
• Godavari -
  • Length and Course: The Godavari River is one of the longest rivers in India, stretching approximately 1,465 kilometers (910 miles). 
  • Sacred and Cultural Significance: The Godavari holds immense religious importance, especially among Hindus. It is often referred to as the "Dakshina Ganga" or the Ganges of the South. 
  • River Basin and Irrigation: The Godavari River has an extensive river basin covering around 312,812 square kilometers (120,777 square miles). This vast basin provides water for irrigation, supporting agriculture and livelihoods for millions of people in the surrounding regions. 
  • Biodiversity and Ecosystem: The Godavari River and its basin support rich biodiversity and a diverse ecosystem. The river sustains a variety of flora and fauna, including several endangered species. 
  • Historical and Cultural Heritage: The banks of the Godavari River are adorned with numerous historical and cultural sites. Ancient cities like Nashik, Rajahmundry, and Bhadrachalam are located along its course, showcasing magnificent temples, forts, and architectural marvels. 
• Mahanadi -
• Mahanadi River: The Mahanadi is one of the major rivers in India, flowing through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. It originates in the Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh and empties into the Bay of Bengal.
• Length and Drainage: The Mahanadi River stretches for approximately 858 kilometers, making it the sixth-longest river in India. It has a vast drainage basin covering an area of around 141,600 square kilometers.
• Importance for Agriculture: The Mahanadi River plays a crucial role in irrigation and agriculture in the region. Several dams and reservoirs have been constructed along its course to store water for irrigation purposes, ensuring the availability of water for crops and promoting agricultural development.
• Mahanadi Delta: The river forms a large delta known as the Mahanadi Delta, which is located in the coastal plains of Odisha. The deltaic region is rich in fertile alluvial soil, making it suitable for agriculture and supporting a diverse ecosystem.
• Biodiversity and Wildlife: The Mahanadi River and its surrounding areas are home to a wide variety of flora and fauna. The river supports rich biodiversity, including several species of fish, reptiles, and mammals. It also serves as a habitat for migratory birds, making it a significant area for birdwatching and conservation efforts.

The correct answer is The time immediately following the question hour.

Key Points

• Zero Hour
  • It was introduced in the Parliament in 1962.
  • It is the time when Members of Parliament (MPs) can raise an Issue of Urgent Public Importance.
  • It immediately after the question hour and lasts until the agenda for the day is taken up.
  • In other words, the time gap between the question hour and the agenda is known as Zero hour.
  • It is not mentioned in the rules of procedure.

Additional Information

• Question Hour
  • The first hour of every parliamentary sitting is slotted for this. During this time, the members ask questions and the ministers usually give answers.
• The questions are of three kinds- starred, unstarred and short notice.
  • A starred question (distinguished by an asterisk) requires an oral answer and hence supplementary questions can follow.
  • An unstarred question, on the other hand, requires a written answer and hence, supplementary questions cannot follow.
  • A short notice question is one that is asked by giving a notice of fewer than ten days. It is answered orally.

The Correct answer is Written Constitution.

Key Points

• Federal Government: A government in which powers are divided between the central government and state government by the constitution itself and both operate in their respective jurisdiction independently.
• Unitary Government: A government in which all the powers are vested in the central government and if state governments exist, they derive their authority from the central government

Important Points

Comparing Features of Federal and Unitary Governments

The correct answer is Right to Equality.

Key Points

• There are six fundamental rights.
• Right to Equality (Article 14-18) is one of the fundamental rights.
• Right to Equality includes:
  • Article 14- Right to equality before law
  • Article 15- Prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, and gender
  • Article 16- Guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of employment
  • Article 17- Abolishes the practice of untouchability
  • Article 18- Abolition of titles
• Article 18 of the Constitution of India prohibits the state from conferring any titles other than military or academic distinctions.

 Thus, we can say that 'Abolition of Titles' is a part of the Right to Equality.