The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Mercury.

Mercury does not have a ring around it. While Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus each have ring systems, Mercury, being the closest planet to the Sun, lacks a ring system. Saturn is famous for its prominent and extensive rings, Jupiter has a faint ring system, and Uranus has a set of narrow rings. Mercury's lack of a ring system is due to its proximity to the Sun and the absence of sufficient material to form rings.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Mahendragiri.

• Mahendragiri is indeed the highest peak of the Eastern Ghats.
• It stands at an elevation of about 1,501 meters (4,925 feet) above sea level.
• It is located in the Nallamala range of the Eastern Ghats, in the state of Odisha, India.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Telugu.

• Telugu is referred to as the ‘Italian of the East’ due to its melodious and rhythmic qualities.
•  The comparison is based on the musicality of the language and its rich use of vowels, which contribute to its sonorous and lyrical nature.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Brahmadeya.

• In the Chola Empire, the term "Brahmadeya" was used to refer to land that was granted to Brahmins.
• These land grants were part of the broader practice of land grants, which were made for religious, educational, or administrative purposes.
• The land given as Brahmadeya was typically assigned to Brahmins for their sustenance and the performance of religious duties.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Gulamgiri.

1. "Gulamgiri" is a pioneering work in the criticism of the caste system in India, where Phule passionately argued against the social inequalities and injustices perpetuated by the caste hierarchy.
2. It stands as a significant work in the history of social reform in India.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Kadambas.

1. The Badami (or Vatapi) Chalukyas were originally subjects of the Kadamba dynasty.
2. The Kadambas were a powerful ruling dynasty in southern India during the 4th to 6th centuries, and the early Chalukyas served them before rising to prominence.
3. The Chalukyas eventually established their own rule, with Pulakeshin I founding the Badami Chalukya dynasty around the 6th century CE, making Vatapi (modern-day Badami in Karnataka) their capital.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Gitam.

The simplest composition of a raga in Carnatic classical music is the Geetam (also spelt Gitam). Geetams are basic, melodic compositions that are typically the first lessons taught to students after they learn the foundational swaras (notes). These compositions are simple in structure, usually set in a single raga, and do not include complex rhythmic or melodic variations. Geetams help students understand the raga's scale, structure, and basic characteristics, serving as an introduction to more complex compositions.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. CWC.

The Central Water Commission’s report states that Himalayan Glacial Lakes saw a 10.81% area expansion from 2011 to 2014. The expansion signals a heightened risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs). CWC functions under the Ministry of Jal Shakti and it is headquartered in New Delhi. The Commission is headed by the Chairman and is divided among 3 wings namely Design and Research, River Management and Water Planning and Projects.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. 2008.

The Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh Shri Sukhwinder Singh urged the Central Government to run trains on the Kalka-Shimla Railway (KSR) on green Hydrogen. KSR was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2008. It is a narrow gauge railway that traverses a mountainous route from Kalka (Haryana) to Shimla (Himachal Pradesh). It was built in 1898 and its project engineer was S Harington.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Andhra Pradesh.

The Yanadi Tribe was recently in the news after three children of the Tribe went missing from their homes. The three children were missing from their homes at Kalekhanpeta in Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh. Yanadis are major scheduled Tribes of Andhra Pradesh and are amongst the most vulnerable tribal groups in India. The mother tongue of the Tribesmen is Telugu and Dhimsa Dance is performed by them during festivals and special conditions.