The correct answer is option 1 i.e. 2030.

To achieve net Zero carbon emissions by 2030, the Indian Railways plans to adopt Nuclear energy as part of its Green initiative. Nuclear Powered trains use heat generated from a nuclear reaction to produce steam which drives turbines, this producing power to run trains. The trains would feature a portable nuclear reactor.

The correct answer is Option 1 i.e. Interference.

The effect observed when light waves reinforce each other to produce brighter regions, as seen in soap bubbles or oil films, is interference. Interference occurs when coherent light waves overlap and either reinforce (constructive interference) or cancel out (destructive interference) each other. In the case of soap bubbles or oil films, the thin layers act as thin films where light undergoes multiple reflections. This results in constructive interference for certain wavelengths of light, producing vibrant and colorful patterns due to the varying thickness of the films.

The correct answer is Option 1 i.e. Concave mirror.

The type of mirror used in a dental mirror to provide a magnified view of teeth is a concave mirror. Concave mirrors are curved inward and have the property of converging light rays. In dental mirrors, the concave shape allows them to reflect light and form an enlarged virtual image of the teeth, facilitating detailed examination by dentists. This magnification is crucial for visualizing small details and conducting precise dental procedures effectively.

The correct answer is Option 3 i.e. Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.

• Inertia is a property of matter that causes it to resist any change in its motion, whether that motion is moving in a straight line at constant speed or remaining at rest.
• It is directly related to the mass of the object but does not depend on the object's speed or weight.

The correct answer is Option 3 i.e. Chronic myeloid leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome, which results from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation creates the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, encoding a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that drives the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells. The Philadelphia chromosome is a hallmark genetic abnormality in CML and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, specifically target the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein, significantly improving outcomes for CML patients.

The correct answer is Option 2 i.e. Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.

Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn is associated with a deficiency in Vitamin K. This condition occurs because newborns have low levels of Vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. Without sufficient Vitamin K, infants are at risk of severe bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency can also occur in adults, leading to easy bruising and excessive bleeding. Treatment typically involves administering Vitamin K to boost clotting factor production and prevent bleeding complications.

The correct answer is Option 1 i.e. Mahatma Gandhi.

• Mahatma Gandhi founded the All India Harijan Sevak Sangh to advocate for the welfare of Dalits in India.
• The organization aimed to improve the social and economic conditions of the oppressed and marginalized communities, particularly the Dalits (formerly known as Harijans or "children of God").
• He emphasized the upliftment of Dalits through education, social reforms, and advocacy for their rights.
• The Harijan Sevak Sangh played a crucial role in his broader mission of social justice and equality during the Indian independence movement.

The correct answer is Option 4 i.e. Aruna Asaf Ali.

Aruna Asaf Ali was elected as the first Indian Mayor of Delhi in 1958. Aruna Asaf Ali played a significant role in the Indian freedom movement, notably during the Quit India Movement of 1942. She became an iconic figure after hoisting the Indian National Congress flag during the movement, despite the risk of arrest by British authorities. Aruna Asaf Ali continued her active involvement in social and political causes post-independence, making enduring contributions to India's history and progress.

The correct answer is Option 1 i.e. 1.

One statement is incorrect regarding Ranthambore National Park.

Ranthambore National Park is located in Rajasthan, not Madhya Pradesh, making Statement 1 incorrect. The park is indeed known for its large population of Bengal tigers (Statement 2), was once a hunting ground for the Maharajas of Jaipur (Statement 3), and Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located within the park (Statement 4). Therefore, out of the four statements, only Statement 1 is incorrect.

The correct answer is Option 4 i.e. 4.

All four statements about the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) are correct:

1. The scheme provides interest subsidies on home loans for urban poor under the Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS).
2. It aims to build affordable houses with water, sanitation, and electricity facilities.
3. Beneficiaries include Economically Weaker Sections (EWS), Low Income Groups (LIG), and Middle Income Groups (MIG).
4. The scheme mandates that women should be either the sole or co-owner of the property.

Therefore, all four statements are correct.