The correct answer is Option 1 i.e. Rome.

The first Paralympic Games took place in Rome, Italy, in 1960. They were organized as an international multi-sport event for athletes with physical disabilities, evolving from earlier rehabilitation-focused competitions for war veterans. Around 400 athletes from 23 countries participated, marking a historic step in promoting inclusivity and equal opportunities in sports. The Games laid the foundation for the modern Paralympic movement, held every four years alongside the Olympics, highlighting determination, talent, and the spirit of overcoming physical challenges.

The correct answer is Option 4 i.e. Crop rotation and organic farming.

Crop rotation and organic farming: These practices maintain soil fertility, enhance biodiversity, and reduce environmental degradation. By alternating different crops, the soil naturally replenishes nutrients, while organic farming eliminates toxic runoff from synthetic inputs.

Explanation of other options:

• Slash and burn: Causes massive deforestation, soil erosion, and carbon emissions.

• Chemical pesticides: Lead to soil toxicity, water contamination, and harm to beneficial insects like bees.

• Monocropping: Depletes specific soil nutrients and increases the risk of total crop failure from pests.

The correct answer is Option 2 i.e. Africa.

The Congo River is located in Africa.

It is the deepest river in the world and the second-longest in Africa after the Nile.

It is unique because it crosses the equator twice. The river's vast basin supports the world's second-largest rainforest, making it a critical geographical and ecological feature of the central African continent.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Only 2.

• Statement 1: This statement is Incorrect. Demographic Dividend refers to the 15–64 age group, not 15–62.
• Statement 2: This statement is Correct. As per the fifth round of NFHS conducted during the year 2019-21, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined to 2.0 children per woman, resulting in the achievement of the replacement level of fertility, which is 2.1 children per woman.
• Statement 3: This statement is Incorrect. India is currently in Stage III (Late Expanding) where the birth rate starts to decline and the rate of population growth slows down.

The correct answer is Option 3 i.e. Water.

Water (H₂O) is a compound because it consists of two different elements (Hydrogen and Oxygen) chemically bonded in a fixed ratio.

Oxygen, Iron, and Sulphur are elements because they consist of only one type of atom. Compounds have unique properties different from their constituent elements, such as water being liquid at room temperature while its components are gases.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. s = ut + (1/2)at².

Among the given equations of motion, s = ut + (1/2)at² is independent of the final velocity.

This equation relates the displacement sss of a particle to its initial velocity uuu, acceleration aaa, and time ttt, without involving the final velocity vvv. It is useful when the final speed of the particle is unknown or unnecessary for calculating the distance traveled. In contrast, the other equations either directly include the final velocity or require it to determine other quantities.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Gonorrhoea.

Among the given options, Gonorrhoea is the sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a bacterium (Neisseria gonorrhoeae). 

A bacterial infection affecting mucous membranes. It is transmitted through sexual contact and can cause infertility if untreated.

Explanation of Options:

• HIV-AIDS: Caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a viral STD that weakens the immune system.

• Warts (Genital): Caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). These are viral skin growths transmitted through skin-to-skin sexual contact.

• Typhoid: Caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. However, it is not an STD; it is a waterborne disease spread through contaminated food and water.

Key Takeaway: While both Gonorrhoea and Typhoid are bacterial, only Gonorrhoea is categorized as a sexually transmitted infection. HIV and Warts are viral in origin.

The correct answer is Option 3 i.e. Elections within six months of dissolution of a Panchayat.

The 73rd Amendment ensures the continuous functioning of PRIs by mandating elections within six months of dissolution. This prevents state governments from keeping local bodies vacant for extended periods.

Direct funding and Lok Adalats are separate concepts; the "six-month" rule is the specific safeguard that protects the democratic continuity of the three-tier Panchayati Raj system.

The correct answer is Option 2 i.e. Dhar Commission.

Appointed by the Government of India, Dhar Commission was the first body to examine the feasibility of reorganizing states on a linguistic basis, though it initially recommended administrative convenience over language.

Explanation of other options:

• Swaran Singh Committee: Formed in 1976, it recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Constitution via the 42nd Amendment.

• Gadgil Commission: Primarily focused on environmental protection and sustainable development, specifically for the Western Ghats ecology.

• Sarkaria Commission: Appointed in 1983, its mandate was to examine and review the working of Centre-State relations and suggest structural changes.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Only one statement is correct.

• Statement 1: This statement is Incorrect. While the duties were indeed added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, they were recommended by the Swaran Singh Committee, not the Satwant Singh Committee.
• Statement 2: This statement is Correct. There were three such recommendations which are; (i) penalty or punishment for any non-compliance with or refusal to observe any of the duties, (ii) no law imposing such penalty or punishment shall be called in question in any court and (iii) duty to pay taxes should also be a Fundamental Duty of the citizens.
• Statement 3: This statement is Incorrect. The 11th duty was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.