• An ordinance is an executive order issued by the President of India that holds the same force and effect as an Act passed by the Parliament. The President has the power to issue ordinances under Article 123 of the Constitution. 
• The maximum validity of an ordinance is 6 months and 6 weeks.

Joint Air Exercise –“Cope India 2018” is conducted between the air forces of the United States and India on December 3, 2018 in West Bengal, India. 

• The 12-day exercise will be held from December 3-14 at Air Station Kalaikunda and Air Station Arjan Singh in Panagarh airbase. 

• The main aim of exercise is to provide operational exposure and undertake mutual exchange of best practices towards enhancing operational capability.

In Parliament a lame duck session is conducted after election of new members but before they are installed. This refers to a session in which the members participatefor last time because of failure to re-election. If a person loses an election, but continues to hold the office till new officer is installed can also be called as Lame Duck Session.

Japanenacted a law on December 8, 2018 allowing more blue-collar foreign workers to address labour shortages. 

• Japan plans to bring in 345,000 foreign workers in construction, food services, nursing and other sectors for 5 years. 

• The law will take effect in April 2019 and create two new visa categories. 

• The law allows foreign nationals with skills in sectors facing particularly severe shortages to obtain 5-year visas which would not allow them to bring their families.

Sanchi, Great Stupa is located at Sanchi Town in Raisen District of the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is 46 Km north-east of Bhopal.

Karen Khachanov has been won the Paris Masters Men's Singles title in 2018. 

• He defeated current number one Novak Djokovic in the Finals . 

• Karen Khachanov wins the finals meeting in straight sets, going 7-5 6-4 over the Novak Djokovic. 

• His win in Paris marks his first career Masters 1000 title. 

• It is just his fourth ATP singles title.

K. Chandrashekar Rao is the first chief minister of Telangana state. 

•He is the chief minister since the secession of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh in 2014.

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, although all isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons in each atom.

The International Conference on Status and Protection of Coral Reefs(STAPCOR – 2018) was held at Bangaram coral Island of Union Territory of Lakshadweep, India. 

* This Conference was held with the theme “Reef for Life”. 

* This Conference was inaugurated by the Indian Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Dr. Harsh Vardhan on 22nd October 2018.

• At 25 ° C the pH of pure water is very close to 7.
• Acids have a pH less than 7 while bases have a pH greater than 7. Because it has a pH of 7, water is considered to be neutral.