Only part C is correct. The errors in other parts are as follows:
A. "various" indicates that there were many kings, thus, the plural noun should be used.
B. Here the conjunction "or" indicates that the colonization of the Europeans was an alternative of the rules established by the kings and emperors. But this idea does not lend proper meaning to the sentence. The conjunction "and" should be used.
D. A 'democrat' is a noun which refers to a person who is an advocate or supporter of democracy. We need an adjective for the noun 'nation'. Thus, "emocratic should be used.

Option A: ‘Confirm’ means to establish something as definite which is inappropriate in the context. ‘Conform’ is the correct word to be used in the context and it means ‘to be agreeable’ or ‘satisfy expected requirements.’ 
Option B: It should be ‘minds,’ instead of ‘mind.’ ‘Our bodies’ is plural, so the sentence is talking about many minds as we all do not share a single mind. 
Option C: If you use ‘she’ after ‘neither’ then ‘nor’ should be followed by ‘he.’ But the sentence is talking about ‘she’ and nothing to do with the guy’s reaction or feelings. So, the ‘she’ should be before ‘neither.’ 
Therefore, the correct part is option D.

The sentence is correct and requires no changes. Hence, the correct answer is E.

Part A & B require correction. In the present perfect tense, 'always' is used after the auxiliary verb (has) but before the main verb (known). The correct sequence is "….has always been known for….." Also, since the sentence talks about a specific brand, the definite article "the" should be used before it. Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Statement B states that Canada became the first country in the world to legalise cannabis. Thereafter, it is also mentioned "after Uruguay" indicating that Uruguay was the first country to do so. This creates a contradiction making statement B incorrect.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Note: The use of definite article 'the' is correct in A. Definite article 'the' is used to specify or emphasize a noun. In A, that particular legislation which legalised cannabis is being emphasized upon, so we need to use the definite article before 'legislation'.

Whitman might reasonably expect to be criticized or blamed. Both lauded and extolled are nearly the opposite of what we’re looking for, so eliminate choices C. and E. Neither instigated, which means incited, nor repatriated, which means returned to one’s land of citizenship, is supported by the sentence, so eliminate choices B. and D. Excoriated in formal usage means to criticize (someone) severely, so choice A is appropriate. In second sentences, dictator’s actions can be only criticized by the president, planning on interfering into the state of affairs. Instigated can be the option, but excoriated fits the blank best.
So, the correct answer is option A.

The word ‘mundane’ means both ‘routine affairs’ as well as ‘earthly’. In the first statement, "mundane" would make the sentence complete as the sentence points towards the fact that we get well acquainted with people when we observe them in their humdrum routines. In the second statement, the second meaning of the word ‘mundane’, i.e. ‘earthly’ or ‘worldly’ fits suitably.

The word ‘susceptibility’ means ‘liable to be influenced by’. In statement (i), this would fit in because we are talking about how PEM is a critical factor in determining the occurrence of the infection. In the second statement, the effects of the seasonal influences on barley are being discussed, which again would be completed appropriately with the word ‘susceptibility’.
So, the correct answer is option C.

Hinder, cease and halt have similar meanings implying to prevent or stop the progress of something. Hence they can be eliminated. In such a case, we can't pick any of these. 
Endeavor is used both as a noun and a verb. In sentence (i), it will be used as a noun meaning an attempt to achieve a goal. In sentence (ii), it will be used as a verb meaning to try hard to achieve something.
It fits the context of both the statements.
Hence, endeavor is the correct answer. So, the correct answer is option B.

"Continued" and "constant" may seem suitable for the sentences but word "constant" is not appropriate for the first sentence. 'Constant' refers to a situation that may not change. Thus, "Continued" is the one which fits in both sentences.