GAFA tax:

It is named after Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon. So, statement 2 is not correct.

It is a proposed digital tax to be levied on large technology and internet companies. So, statement 1 is correct.

France has decided to introduce the tax (3% tax on revenues from digital activities).

The rationale for having separate taxation on digital firms:

• Existing tax norms that are framed envisaging brick and mortar business models are not suitable to regulate online services.
• The technology companies differ from traditional businesses as a result of user participation in creating value, which, in turn, translates into revenue.
• The often complex corporate structures set up by several companies that derive huge revenues from major European economies but allow them to slash their tax bills by shifting profits to low-tax jurisdictions. (Base Erosion and Profit Sharing issue)
• European countries in particular say the so-called GAFA — Google, Apple, Facebook, and Amazon — are unfairly exploiting tax rules that let them declare profits in low-tax heavens, depriving them of a fair share of their fiscal payments.

• Statement 1 is incorrect - The President of India, in exercise of the powers conferred by clause (2) of Article 124 of the Constitution of India, appointed Shri Justice Nuthalapati Venkata Ramana, Judge of the Supreme Court, to be the Chief Justice of India.
• Statement 2 is correct - Justice Nuthalapati Venkata Ramana, will take over as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India on 24th April, 2021. He will be 48th Chief Justice of India.

• Statement 1 is correct - With hordes turning up for the Kumbh mela in Haridwar amid a surge in Covid cases, the Uttarakhand Police is using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to zoom in on those not wearing masks.
• Statement 2 is correct - The AI-equipped cameras also generate an alert when sites identified as vulnerable for stampede — Har-ki-Pauri, Subhash ghat, Brahmakund, Malviya Dweep — see a higher crowd density.
• Statement 3 and 4 are correct - The cameras are also being used to keep a count of vehicles at parking lots and to spot objects lying unattended for more than 10 minutes.

United Nations General Assembly:

• Voting in the General Assembly on important questions, namely, recommendations on peace and security, budgetary concerns and the election, admission, suspension or expulsion of members – is by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting.
• Other questions are decided by a straightforward majority.
• Each member country has one vote.
• Apart from approval of budgetary matters, including the adoption of a scale of assessment, Assembly resolutions are not binding on the members.
• The Assembly may make recommendations on any matters within the scope of the UN, except matters of peace and security under Security Council consideration.
• The one state, one vote power structure potentially allows states comprising just five percent of the world population to pass a resolution by a two-thirds vote.

• For effective implementation of various schemes and programmes of the Ministry of Women and Child Development, all major schemes of the Ministry have been classified under 3 umbrella schemes, viz., Mission Poshan 2.0, Mission Vatsalya and Mission Shakti. Therefore, statements 2 is incorrect.
• Saksham Anganwadi and POSHAN 2.0 -- Umbrella ICDS - Anganwadi Services, Poshan Abhiyan, Scheme for Adolescent Girls, National Creche Scheme. Therefore, statements 1 is correct.

• Option (A) is incorrect since it is difficult to envisage how this can be achieved because it is one thing to create an artificial chromosome and quite another to to make it functional.
• Option (B) is Artificial Gene Synthesis whereas Option (D) is Plant and Animal Tissue Culture Technology.
• Option (C) is Cloning.
• Artificial gene synthesis, sometimes known as DNA printing is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory.
• The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs.

• All the above-given methods are used for calculating national income.
• National income is the total money value of goods and services produced by a country in a period of time.
• Methods used for calculating national income are - Value-added method (also called net output method), Income method, (also known as factor income method) and, the Expenditure method (also known as final product method).

Statement 1 is correct - ‘Tika Utsav’, vaccination festival, the beginning of second big war against Corona and has emphasized special focus on social hygiene along with personal hygiene.

Statement 2 is incorrect – This drive has stressed upon four points:

• Each One- Vaccinate, meaning those who can’t go themselves for vaccination, such as illiterate and old people, should be assisted.
• Each One- Treat One. This involves helping people in getting Corona treatment, who do not have resources or knowledge to get it.
• Each One- Save One, meaning I should wear mask and save myself and others. This should be stressed.
• Society and people should lead in creating ‘micro containment zones’. ‘Micro containment zones’ are a key component of fight against Corona in a densely populated country like India.

Six consumer rights have been defined in the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, including the right to:

• Right to Safety.
• Right to be Informed.
• Right to Choose.
• Right to be heard.
• Right to seek Redressal.
• Right to Consumer Education.

• Statement 3 is absurd. Rest of them are correct.
• RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which
• RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation. Therefore, statement 1 is correct.
• Since the discovery of RNAi and its regulatory potentials, it has become evident that RNAi has immense potential in suppression of desired genes (gene silencing). Therefore, statement 2 is correct.
• Numerous studies have demonstrated that RNAi can provide a more specific approach to inhibit tumor growth by targeting cancer-related genes (i.e., oncogene). Therefore, statement 3 is incorrect.
• RNAi has resulted in the invention of novel crops such as nicotine-free tobacco, decaffeinated coffee, nutrient fortified vegetation, and hypoallergenic crops. Therefore, statement 4 is correct.
• The genetically-engineered Arctic apples received FDA approval in 2015.