An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. Modern CPUs contain very powerful and complex ALUs. In addition to ALUs, modern CPUs contain a control unit (CU).

Master file manipulations require maximum security. High level security access controls should be placed to check the authority and authenticity of the individuals or processes making manipulation to master files.

In shortcut, Shift+ Delete is used to Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin.

• A graph is a collection of vertices and a collection of edges connecting some vertices.
• We can visualize a graph by drawing a picture where vertices are dots and edges are paths connecting the dots.
• They are often represented by a drawing

Data redundancy is the existence of data that is additional to the actual data and permits correction of errors in stored or transmitted data. The additional data can be simply a complete copy of the actual data, or only select pieces of data that allowdetection of errors and reconstructionof lost or damaged data up to a certain level.

Handheld operating systems are designed to run on machines that have lower speed processors and less memory, they were designed to use less memory and require fewer resources.

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition Code (MICR Code) is a character-recognition technology used mainly by the banking industry to ease the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving e-mail. However, since it is limited in its ability to queue messages at the receiving end, it is usually used with one of two other protocols, POP3 or IMAP that let the user save messages in a server mailbox and download them periodically from the server. SMTP usually is implemented to operate over Internet port 25. Many mail servers now support Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (ESMTP), which allows multimedia files to be delivered as e-mail.

A template is pre-designed document that already has coordinating fonts, a layout, and a background.

A primary key is a database key uniquely identifies a record within a table.