● Muhammad Bin Tughlaq belonged to Delhi Sultanate, MB Tughlaq dynasty ruled from 1325-1351. He was son of Ghiyasi ud Din Tughlaq.

● He attempted to shift capital from Delhi to Daultabad, due to its central position and spread of Sultanate to further south, In 1327, Tughluq passed an order to move his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad but it was one of his disastrous decisions.

● Ibn Battuta the great traveller and writer also became guest of his court and wrote about his suzerainty in his book.

● Hotaki or Hetaki dynasty belongs to Afghanistan which was established in 1709 by Mirwais Hotak after defeating the Persian Safavid leaders.

● It was established in the Loy Kandahar region of Afghanistan which is located in southern part of country. It was lasted until 1738.

● The Hotak dynasty ruled briefly over an area which is now Afghanistan, Iran, western Pakistan, and some parts of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan during its peak time.

● Hussain Hotak became the last ruler until he was also defeated in 1738.

• This Delimitation Commission demarcates the boundaries of the Parliamentary Constituencies as per provisions of the Delimitation Act.

• Under Article 82 of the Constitution, the Parliament by law enacts a Delimitation Act after every census.

• The present Constituencies carved out on the basis of 2001 census shall continue to be in operation till the first census after 2026.

• Population is the basis of allocation of seats of the Lok Sabha and demarcation of constituencies.

• Delimitation Commissions have been set up four times — 1952, 1963, 1973 and 2002 under the Acts of 1952, 1962, 1972 and 2002.

• Under sub-section (6) of section 33 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, a maximum of four nomination papers only can be presented by any candidate for RS Elections.

• Nomination paper to be presented either by candidate or by any of his proposers.

• Article 80(4) of Constitution of India provides that members of Rajya Sabha shall be elected by the elected members of State Legislative Assemblies.

• Article 80 (3) of the Constitution of India provides for the members to be nominated by the President to Rajya Sabha.

• Every candidate at an election to the Council of States or a State Legislative Council is required to make a deposit of Rs. 10,000/- .

• As per Election Commission, a recognised political party can have maximum 40 star campaigners.

• While a non recognised but registered political party can have maximum 20 star campaigners.

• Star campaigners are nominated by parties to campaign in a given set of constituencies.

• The list of star campaigners has to be communicated to the Election Commission within a week from the date of notification of an election.

• The regional name of various shifting cultivation in India are as follow-

o Jhoom-NE India

o Deepa-Bastar District Chattishgarh

o Podu-Andra Pradesh

o Vevar-Bundelkhand Region

o Kaman, Vinga and Dhavi- Odisha

o Zara and Erka-Southern States

o Bewar-Madhya Pradesh

• Shifting cultivation is a cultivation practice under which land is used for quite some years until the fertility is dropped and then farmers move to next field.

• It is also known as Burn and Slash Cultivation.

• India’s largest area under shifting cultivation is in the state of Odisha.

• Finance commission members are eligible for reappointment.

• The recommendations made by the Finance Commission are only of advisory nature and hence, not binding on the government.

• Finance Commission is appointed by President of India.

• The Finance Commission consists of a chairman and four other members to be appointed by the president.

• They hold office for such period as specified by the president in his order. They are eligible for reappointment.

The full form of RTGS is Real time gross settlement system.

• Real-time gross settlement (RTGS) is the continuous process of settling payments on an individual order basis.

• The minimum amount to be remitted through RTGS is Rs 2 lakh. There is no upper ceiling for RTGS transactions.

• The online RTGS transactions can be carried both through net banking and mobile banking.

● Primary constituent of Vinegar is Acetic Acid and Its chemical formula is CH₃COOH.

● Nitric acid is also known as Aqua Fortis and its chemical formula is HNO₃.

● Humic Acid helps plant roots receive water and nutrients.

● Oxalic acid is found in Tomato and its chemical formula C₂H₂O₄.

● IRNSS is a navigation satellite.

● IRNSS Stands for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System.

● It was first launched on July 1, 2013.

● GSLV is a Geosynchronous Satellite.

● PSLV is a polar Satellite.

● SLV-3 is a Satellite launch vehicle.