The subject in the given sentence is 'decision' which is singular and will be agreed upon by a singular verb. So, we need to change the plural auxiliary verb 'are' to 'is'.

The error is in the first part of the statement. As the subject is 'you' which is singular, thus, the verb form seems legit here, but the rule is that 'you' is always used with a plural verb or helping verb. Hence, 'breaks' would be replaced by 'break'.

As per the context provided in the sentence, citizens are demanding reforms in the police for which the current time is appropriate. So, the new police chief must make use of this opportunity and do what is being demanded. The word 'moment' means an appropriate time for doing something; an opportunity and is the most appropriate choice for the blank. The phrase 'seize the moment' meansto do the things one wants to do when there is the chance instead of waiting for a later time.
Essence: the basic or most important idea or quality of something.

It has been stated in the sentence that the demand for specialist courses had been falling for several years. This means the number of applicants for these courses was decreasing. One of the reasons for this was the student visa curbs, which restricted even those who wanted to pursue such courses. The only 'discouraged' which means 'to make someone feel less confident, enthusiastic, and positive about something, or less willing to do something' can be used to fill the blank.

In the given sentence we notice that it is in past tense and the options given are all in present tense except option A. if we see the other options, option B ‘birth’ is an occasion of celebration. Option C appertain means is to belong as a function or to relate to something. Option D associate is defined as to bring two or more things together, or to have a relationship of some sort with another person or organization. Option E go does not fit in either. Thus option A is the apt choice which means to emit her last breath; died.

Therefore, option A is the correct answer choice to this question.

In the given statement when we read we see that a gerund can be applied here thus option A fits in well contextually and grammatically, we are using the non-progressive word as Gerund ‘owning’. If we look at other options we notice none of the words are apt to fill in the blank. Option B does not fit grammatically correct. Option C, D, and E is also ruled out as they are out of context and are not apt to fit in the given blank .

Therefore, option A is the correct answer choice to this question.

Note that here the sentence demands a past participle as the sentence is in past tense. By glancing through the options, it seems all to be given in their first form, but note that the past participle for the word cast remains the same, which means to cause (light or shadow) to appear on a surface, that fits perfectly into the context. Option So, the correct option is D.

All the words are at their correct position and no exchange is required in the sentence. Hence, option E is the correct answer.

Here it is evident that (3) needs an infinitive which should follow ‘to’ while (4) needs a noun modified by the adjective ‘underlying’. Therefore, (1) and (3) i.e. ‘inequality’ and ‘accentuate’ must be exchanged to form a correct sentence.

Here we see that (2) needs an adverb to modify the verb ‘destroyed’ which can be best served by ‘deliberately’ (as it is the only adverb from the numbered alternatives). Simaltaneously, (4) needs an infinitive after ‘to’. Therefore, (2) and (4) i.e. ‘thwart’ and ‘deliberately’ must be exchanged to form a correct sentence. Thus, option D is the correct answer.