To incorporate writing skills into children’s minds it is best to brainstorm ideas from and into their minds and then asking students to write in their own words.

If learners talk in pairs or groups, they get much more speaking practice than when you are asking questions to one learner at a time. You could demonstrate the speaking activity with a strong learner first, to make sure that learners are clear about what you want them to do.

Learning a language from friends comes under language acquisition. Language learning is planned and needs intentions, language acquisition in unplanned and happens naturally. There are two important guiding principles in first language acquisition: speech perception and speech production.

The Innateness theory by Noam Chomsky and Social Interactionist Theory by Lev Vygotsky are both related to language acquisition theory. The innateness theory suggests that language acquisition is an innate process and all humans naturally have the tendency to learn the language, whereas social interactionist theory says that language acquisition occurs through social interaction and is dependent upon the outside environment. Universal Grammar Theory is also by Noam Chomsky but related to Language Learning.

The correct answer is option D, i.e., a morpheme. The one that cannot be further divided into smaller grammatically meaningful components is a morpheme. A morpheme is the smallest unit in a language with meaning. A morpheme can be of two types: Free Morpheme (Root) and Bound Morpheme (Affix). A morpheme that provides the main meaning to the word is called root. Root morphemes are usually free morphemes in the English language as they stand on their own.

A diphthong, also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. 

Syntax is the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

In phonology and linguistics, a phoneme is a unit of sound that can distinguish one word from another in a particular language.

The correct answer is option B, i.e., learning minimal pairs. In linguistics, a pair of words that only differ in one phonic element and the rest sound is same is known as minimal pair. The meaning of the two words is very different. Examples: (heed, bead), (bin, pin), (bet, pet), (room, doom), (shell, shall), etc. Some activities to practice minimal pair are tongue twister, reverse dictation, drilling, etc.

The correct answer is option A. The translational method of teaching is also known as grammar or grammar-translational approach of teaching. It is the classical approach to language teaching. This approach was used to teach Greek and Latin languages. This approach focuses on the correct use of grammar. It uses the native language to teach the target language. In this method, words, phrases or sentences of English language is translated into mother tongue for understanding.

According to Vygotsky, social interaction is used to develop language. According to Behaviorists, thoughts are born from language. According to Noam Chomsky, people are born with innate language ability. According to Jean Piaget, language is born after thoughts.

The innate mechanism of children to learn and develop language skills along with a set of universal grammar rules is known as Language Acquisition Device.

This was introduced by Noam Chomsky in the 1960s. It is inspired from the nativist theory of language.

Both Krashen’s and Gardner’s model include attitudes and motivation. There is also distinguished difference between Gardner’s and Krashen’s Theory. While in Krashen’s theory attitudes and motivation act as facilitator of second language learning, in Gardner’s theory they are considered as instigator to actions.