Article 51 of the Indian constitution deals with the Directive Principles of State Policy, seeks to promote international peace and security and maintain just and honourable relations between nations. This article is to foster respect for international law and treaty obligations, and to encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.

Hence, Option C is correct.

* Division of Rights of an individual into two categories – justiciable (FR) and Nonjusticiable (DPSPs) - Recommended by B.N. Rau (Constitutional Advisor).

* Dr. B.R. Ambedkar described directive principles as ‘novel features’ of the Indian Constitution. The Directive Principles along with the Fundamental Rights contain the philosophy of the Constitution and is the soul of the Constitution. Granville Austin has described the Directive Principles and the Fundamental Rights as the ‘Conscience of the Constitution’.

* The Sapru committee report was published in 1945. This committee recommended that the Fundamental Rights “must” be included in the Constitution of India. This committee divided fundamental rights into two parts viz. Justifiable Rights and Non-justifiable rights. The Justifiable rights were those enforceable by a court of law. These enforceable rights were incorporated in the Part III of the Constitution. The non-justifiable rights were incorporated as a directive to the state to take all measures to provide those rights to individuals without any guarantee. They were incorporated in the part IV of the constitution and were called Directive Principles of State Policy.

It is possible to see both Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles as complementary to each other. Fundamental Rights restrain the government from doing certain things while Directive Principles exhort the government to do certain things. Fundamental Rights mainly protect the rights of individuals while directive principles ensure the well-being of the entire society. Hence statement 1 is correct.

Directive Principles lists mainly three things:

* the goals and objectives that we as a society should adopt; (Hence statement 2 is incorrect.)

* certain rights that individuals should enjoy apart from the Fundamental Rights; and

* certain policies that the government should adopt

Directive Principles are ‘non-justiciable’ i.e., parts of the Constitution that cannot be enforced by the judiciary. Those who framed our Constitution thought that the moral force behind these guidelines would ensure that the government would take them seriously. Hence statement 3 is correct.

The Directive Principles are meant for promoting the ideal of social and economic democracy. They seek to establish a ‘welfare state’ in India, which is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. The DPSPs serve as a guideline to the central and state governments of India, to be kept in mind while framing laws and policies. Thus, only DPSPs help to establish a ‘Welfare State’ rather than a ‘Police State’ such as of the colonial era.

Hence, Option A is correct.

As per article 40 of the constitution, there should be organization of village panchayats. Uniform civil code is mentioned in Article 44 under directive principle of state policy. Article 48 mentions the protection of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. Article 50 states that the judiciary and executive should be separated.