* Chandragupta II (Reign: 380 – 418 AD)

* Son of Samudragupta and his queen Dattadevi.

* He was also known as ‘Vikramaditya’.

* He further annexed territories including Saurashtra which gave him the western coastline.

* He used matrimonial alliances to expand his kingdom. He established matrimonial alliances with the Nagas and the Vakatakas. He gave his daughter Prabhapavatigupta in marriage to Vakataka ruler of Maharashtra Rudrasena II.

* He also annexed three Satrapa kingdoms and assumed the title Sakari (destroyer of the Sakas).

Alauddin’s measures to control the markets were one of the most important policy initiatives. Since Alauddin wanted to maintain a large army, he, therefore, lowered and fixed the price of the commodities of daily use. To control the prices, Alauddin set up three different markets for different commodities in Delhi. These markets were the grain market (Mandi), cloth market (Sarai Adl) and the market for horses, slaves, cattle, etc. To ensure implementation, Alauddin appointed a superintendent (Shahna-i-Mandi) who was assisted by an intelligence officer. Apart from Shahna-i-Mandi, Alauddin received daily reports of the market from two other independent sources, Barid (intelligence officer) and Munhiyans (secret spies). Any violation of Sultan’s orders resulted in harsh punishment, including expulsion from the capital, imposition of fine, imprisonment and mutilation.

River : Port

Rhine River : Rotterdam

Loire River : Saint-Nazaire

Mississippi River : New Orleans

A number-of provisions in the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority of the two Houses of Parliament outside the scope of Article 368.

These provisions include:

* Admission or establishment of new states.

* Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.

* Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states.

* Second Schedule-emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of the president, the governors, the Speakers, judges, etc.

* Fifth Schedule-administration of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes.

* Sixth Schedule-administration of tribal areas.

* Citizenship-acquisition and termination.

* Elections to Parliament and state legislatures.

* Delimitation of constituencies.

The Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India specifies the allocation of powers and functions between the Union and the State legislatures. It embodies three lists; namely, the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List.

It was in 1934 that the idea of a Constituent Assembly for India was put forward for the first time by M. N. Roy, a pioneer of communist movement in India and an advocate of radical democratism.

In 1935, the Indian National Congress (INC), for the first time, officially demanded a Constituent Assembly to frame the Constitution of India. In 1938, Jawaharlal Nehru, on behalf of the INC declared that the Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise.

Income tax, wealth tax and corporation tax are all direct taxes. Goods and Services Tax, excise duty and custom duty are indirect taxes.

Explanation-

Curie temperature: as temperature increases, the magnetic property of ferromagnetic substance decreases and above a certain temperature the substance changes into a paramagnetic substance. This temperature is called Curie Temperature.

Option (B) is correct.

The English physicist James Prescott Joule discovered in 1840 that the amount of heat per second that develops in a wire carrying a current is proportional to the electrical resistance of the wire and the square of the current. He determined that the heat evolved per second is equivalent to the electric power absorbed, or the power loss.