● Swadeshi Movement started In India during Anti Bengal Partition Agitation.

● The Swadeshi Movement was officially proclaimed on August 7, 1905, at the Calcutta Town Hall, in Bengal. Boycott movement was also launched along with the Swadeshi movement.

● Bal Gangadhar Tilak encouraged Swadeshi and Boycott movement after the British government decided the partition of Bengal.

● Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, Aurobindo Ghosh, VO Chidambaram Pillai and Babu Genu were main personalities of Swadeshi movements.

• The Turkish Sultan or Khalifa must retain control over the Muslim sacred places in the erstwhile Ottoman empire.


• The jazirat-ul-Arab (Arabia, Syria, Iraq, Palestine) must remain under Muslim sovereignty.


• The Khalifa must be left with sufficient territory to enable him to defend the Islamic faith.

•  The Civil Disobedience movement was inaugurated and led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930.

•  The prevalent political and social circumstances urge the ignition of civil disobedience. On the historic day of 12th March 1930, Gandhi inaugurated The Civil Disobedience Movement by conducting the historic Dandi Salt March.

•  On 6th April 1930, Gandhi with the accompaniment of seventy-nine satyagrahis, violated the Salt Law by picking up a fistful of salt lying on the seashore.

•  The Gandhi Irwin pact of 1931 led to Congress participation in the Round Table Conference and cessation of the Civil Disobedience Movement. The Government of India released all satyagrahis from prison.

•  The Swadeshi movement started in 1905 in response to the partition of Bengal and continued till 1911 when the partition of Bengal was made null and void.

•  Though it was not presided by a single leader but by chief architects like Aurobindo Ghosh, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Lala Lajpat Rai, V. O. Chidambaram Pillai, Babu Genu. Lal, Bal, and Pal were among the major leaders.

•  In 1909, the movement had spread across the country and people had started anti-partition and anti-colonial movements. It was strongest in Bengal and was also called the Vandemataram movement. The movement aims to boycott British goods, jobs, products, etc.

• Quit India Movement or the India August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British Rule of India.
• The Cripps Mission had failed, and on August 1942, Gandhi made a call to Do or Die in his Quit India speech delivered in Bombay at the Gowalia Tank Maidan.

Tilak Home Rule League was set up at the Bombay Provincial Conference held at Belgaum in April 1916. The League worked in Maharashtra (including Bombay city), Karnataka, the Central Provinces and Berar. Tilak's league was organised into six branches and Annie Besant's league was given the rest of India. Tilak popularised the demand for Home Rule through his lectures. The popularity of his League was confined to Maharashtra and Karnataka but claimed a membership of 14,000 in April 1917 and 32,000 by early 1918. On 23 July 1916, on his 60th birthday, Tilak was arrested for propagating the idea of Home Rule.

• Nana Patil headed the Quit India Movement from Satara.

• Patil was imprisoned by Britishers multiple times during 1932-42.

• After Independence, he represented the Communist Party of India in 1957 to contest the Lok Sabha elections in the Satara constituency.