Concept - 

Alloys:

• Alloys are metal mixtures with additional elements whose precise composition is dictated by the qualities required.
• They are metallic in nature, which means they have strong thermal and electrical conductivity.
• Alloys are metal alloys or metal alloys with additional elements.
• Other metals/elements can be added to metals in certain ratios to make alloys that give specific properties or strengthen some of the metals' existing properties.
• In simple terms, an alloy is a homogenous blend of two or more metals, or a metal and a non-metal.
• Examples -

1. Steel 
   • Steel is a very popular alloy because of its inexpensive cost and great tensile strength.
   • It is an alloy made up of iron(Fe) and carbon(C).
2. Bronze 
   • Bronze is a copper(Cu) and tin(Sn) alloy.
   • Medals, coins, trophies, hefty gears and tools, and several types of electrical devices all employ it.
3. Nichrome 
   • Nichrome is an alloy made mostly of nickel(Ni) and chromium(Cr).
   • Resistance wires are the most common use of nichrome.
   • Certain electrical equipment, such as space heaters and bread toasters, employ it as the heating element.
4. Brass 
   • Brass is a copper-zinc alloy with variable proportions of copper(Cu) and zinc(Zn) to obtain different mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties.
   • It's also been commonly utilized for utensils of many kinds.
   • Because of its dazzling gold-like appearance, brass has long been a desirable decorative material.
5. Stainless Steel 
   • It is an alloy of iron(Fe), Nickel(Ni), and chromium(Cr). 
   • Utensils are made from stainless steel.
   • This alloy does not undergo rusting. 

Explanation - 

• Stainless steel does not undergo rusting. 
• It is an alloy of - iron(Fe), Nickel (Ni), and Chromium (Cr).
• It has a wide range of applications it is used in Buildings, to make utensils, and sometimes jewellery.
• Hence, the correct answer to this question is - Nickel(Ni) and Chromium(Cr).
  • It is made up of iron mixed with nickel and chromium.

The correct answer is Guru Ram Singh.

Key Points

Kuka Movement-

• The Kuka Movement was the first significant movement against the new British rule in Punjab.
• The Kuka movement was based on both political and religious angles.
• The Punjabi people's first considerable response to the British Empire's post-1849 new political structure was the Kuka Movement.
• The Namdharis were also known as “Kukas” because of their trademark style of reciting the “Gurbani” (Teachings of the Guru).
• This style was in a high-pitched voice called “Kook” in Punjabi. Thus, the Namdharis were also called “Kukas”.
• Baba Ram Singh started the Kuka Movement.
• The Kukas wore only white, hand-woven clothes and boycotted British education, products, and laws. In 1872.
• Ram Singh was captured and exiled to Rangoon and 65 Kukas were blown away from canons by the British.

Important Points

Guru Ram Singh (1816- 1872)

• Satguru Ram Singh, son of a poor carpenter, was born on 3rd February 1816 in the small village of Bhaini, around 7 kilometers away from Ludhiana.
• Guru Ram Singh founded the Namdhari Sect on 12th April 1857 at Bhaini Sahib.
• Guru Ram Singh asked his followers to boycott everything which bore the stamp of the British Government. In course of time, Baba Ram Singh became a secular chief of Kukas.
• He appointed Governors and Deputy Governors to organize Kukas in different districts of Punjab. He also inspired young men by giving them military training.

Additional Information

Guru Nanak (1469-1539)

• Guru Nanak Dev was born on 15 April 1469 in a village, Talwandi Rai Bhoe, near Lahore (it was renamed later as Nankana Sahib).
• Guru Nanak was a Founder of Sikhism.
• Guru Nanak introduced the concept of langar where everybody partakes in a meal as equals.
• Guru Nanak’s birth anniversary is celebrated as Guru Nanak Gurpurab by Sikhs all over the world.

Guru Ram Das (1534-1581)

• Guru Ram Das was the fourth guru of Sikhism.
• Guru Ram Das Founded the city of Amritsar in north-west India.
• Guru Ram Das started the construction of the Golden Temple at Amritsar.

Guru Gobind Singh (1666- 1708)

• Guru Gobind Singh was the last of the ten Sikh Gurus, Guru Gobind Singh was born on 22nd December 1666 in Patna, Bihar.
• Gobind Singh ji founded the principles of Khalsa or the Five ‘K’s. The Five K’s are kesh (uncut hair), kanga (wooden comb), kara (iron or steel bracelet), kirpan (dagger) and kachera (short breeches).
• Guru Gobind Singh ji established the Khalsa in 1699.

The correct answer is Hockey.

Key Points

• The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup is an annual invitational international men's field hockey tournament held in Malaysia.
• It began in 1983 as a biennial contest.
• The tournament became an annual event after 1998, following its growth and popularity.

• Kuala Lumpur and Penang have also hosted the tournament.
• India booked a place in the final of the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2019 with a 7-3 win over Canada in a goal-laden league match at the Sultan Azlan Shah Stadium, Ipoh.
• India's place in the final was confirmed after Korea defeated host Malaysia 2-1 in the final match of the day.

Additional Information

List of International Sports Cups And Trophies:

The correct answer is Santosh Yadav.

Key Points

• Santosh Yadav is an Indian mountaineer.
• She is the first woman in the world to climb Mount Everest twice and the first woman to successfully climb Mount Everest from Kangshung Face.
• She climbed the peak first in May 1992 and then again in May 1993 with an Indo-Nepalese Team.
• During her Everest mission in 1992, she saved the life of a climber, Mohan Singh, by sharing oxygen with him.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Kothari Commission.

Key Points

• The formula is enunciated in the 1968 National Policy Resolution.
• Which provided for the study of Hindi, English and regional language of the respective States.
• In the NEP 2020, it was decided to push for the three-language formula, to promote multilingualism and national unity.
• Three-Language Formula (Kothari Commission 1968)
  • First language: It will be the mother tongue or regional language.
  • Second language: In Hindi speaking states, it will be other modern Indian languages or English.
    • In non-Hindi speaking states, it will be Hindi or English.
  • Third Language: In Hindi speaking states, it will be English or a modern Indian language.
    • In the non-Hindi speaking state, it will be English or a modern Indian language.

Additional Information

• The Kothari Commission was appointed by the Government of India to overhaul the Indian Education sector.
• It was formed on 14 July 1964.
• It was formed under the Chairmanship of Daulat Singh Kothari.
• He was the then chairman of the University Grants Commission (UGC).
• It was dissolved on 29 June 1966.
• Kothari Commission was the sixth commission in India, post-independence, but it was the first commission mandated to comprehensively deal with India's education sector.
• In a span of 21 months, the Commission had interviewed 9000 people who were working as scholars, educators and scientists. 
• The Report was submitted by the Kothari Commission on 29th June 1966 to M.C.Chagla, the then minister of education.

The correct answer is 'Kashmir'.

Key Points

• Folk dance form Dumhal is from the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Dhumal is a folk dance performed by the Watal tribe.
• This dance is said to be only performed during special occasions such as marriages.
• It is famous for its colorful costume with a conical cap.
• Kud Dance, Rouf dance, Bacha Nagma Dance, Hafiza Dance, etc are some of the popular dance forms of Kashmir.

Important Points

The correct answer is Ananga Pala.

Key Points

• Anangpal, a Tomer ruler possibly created the first known regular defence- work in Delhi called Lal Kot- which Prithviraj took over and extended for his city Qila Rai Pithora.
• The Tomar was one of the clans of Rajputs, who ruled parts of present-day Delhi and Haryana from the 8th to the 12th century.
• Initially, they were feudatories of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, later on, Tomaras built up an independent kingdom around Delhi by the 10th century.
• the Tomaras established a sovereign principality around Delhi by the 10th century.
• According to the bardic tradition, the dynasty's founder Anangapal Tuar (that is AnangapalaITomara) founded Delhi in 1052 CE.

Additional Information

• The earliest Tomara ruler of Gwalior was Virasimha-deva.
• The Tarikh-i-Mubarakshahi by Yahya-bin-Ahmad Sirhindi mentions that in 1390-91, the Tughluq ruler Muhammad Shah (r. 1390–1394) visited Etawah.
• The Chauhans or Chahamanas of Ajmer defeated the Tomara Rajputs in the mid of the 12th century.
• Prithviraj Chauhan lost the second battle of Tarain. This established a long period of Muslim rule in India. So Prithviraj Chauhan was the last Hindu ruler of Delhi.

The correct answer is Carl Anderson.

Key Points

• Carl Anderson (September 3, 1905 – January 11, 1991) was an American physicist.
• He is best known for discovering the positron in 1932.
• He was awarded the 1936 Physics Nobel Prize.
• In 1936, he made the muon discovery.
• Positron:
  • The electron's antiparticle or antimatter counterpart is the positron.
  • It is often known as the antielectron.
  • It is identical in mass to an electron.
  • It has an electric charge of +1 e and a spin of 1/2.

Additional Information

• Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958):
  • He was a nuclear physicist from the USA.
  • For inventing the cyclotron, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939.
• James Chadwick (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974):
  • He was an English physicist.
  • For discovering the neutron in 1932, he was given the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics.
• JJ Thomson (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940):
  • He was a British physicist and the Physics Nobel Laureate.
  • He is recognized as having discovered the electron.

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• Dolyatra is a festival of colours like Holi but is different from how it is celebrated and is associated with the West Bengal state. Hence option 3 is correct.
• It is the last festival in the Bengali year and the devotees worship and believe Lord Krishna expressed his love for Radha on the day of Dolyatra.
• The festival starts with worshipping Lord Krishna and in some places, special pujas and bhajans are organised and it ends with playing with colours and the colour powder is called Phag.
• Dol Jatra, Dol Purnima or the swing festival is then celebrated by placing idols of Radha and Lord Krishna and playing devotional songs.

Additional Information

• Some of the festivals associated with the states are listed below:

The Correct Answer is Indian Army.

In News

• Indian Army signs pact with iDEX for procurement of ‘tactical LAN radio’.

Key Points

•  The Indian Army signed the second deal under the ‘Make in India’ initiative with Bangalore-based Astrome Tech Pvt Ltd through Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) to purchase indigenously developed ‘Tactical LAN Radio’.
• An indigenously created tactical local area network (LAN) solution is being developed to build secure tactical LANs in remote and challenging terrain.
• ‘Tactical LAN Radio’ is a cutting-edge, high-bandwidth backhaul wireless radio system to provide failsafe and reliable communication.
• In April 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi introduced iDEX at the Defence Expo India.