The correct answer is Nitroglycerin.

Key Points

• Nitroglycerine is a liquid chemical substance used for making Dynamite by mixing highly sensitive Nitroglycerine with sawdust & powered Silica.
• The chemical used in the manufacturing of dynamite is Glycerol trinitrate.
• Nitroglycerin, also called glyceryl trinitrate, a powerful explosive and an important ingredient of most forms of dynamite.
• The process begins with a compound liquid such as nitroglycerin (explosive oil), a "dope" substance, and an antacid.
• Ethylene glycol dinitrate, composing approximately 25-30% of the explosive oil, is used to depress the freezing point of the nitroglycerin.
• This allows the dynamite to be safely used at low temperatures. In fact, nitroglycerin in a semi-frozen state with both liquid and solid present is actually more sensitive and unstable than either frozen or liquid state alone.
• In that semi-solid state, nitroglycerin is extremely dangerous to handle.

Additional Information

• Phosphorus Trichloride is a chemical substance generally used as an intermediate in the production of phosphate ester insecticides, converting alkyl alcohols to alkyl chlorides and organic acids to organic acid chlorides.
• Mercuric Oxide is a slightly crystalline, water-soluble, poisonous compound used chiefly as a pigment in paints and as an antiseptic in pharmaceuticals.
• Graphite is generally used for refractory, battery, steel, expanded graphite, brake linings, foundry facings, and lubricants as well as pencils and Anodes of the Batteries.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• The Moplah Rebellion of 1921 broke out in Kerala.
• The Moplah Rebellion is also known as the Moplah Riots of 1921.
• It was the culmination of a series of riots by Mappila Muslims of Kerala in the 19th and early 20th centuries against the British and the Hindu landlords in Malabar.
• It was an armed revolt led by Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji.

Additional Information

• The Malabar rebellion, also known as the Moplah rebellion, was an armed revolt staged by the Mappila Muslims of Kerala in 1921.
• The freedom fighter Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji led the Moplah uprising against the British in Kerala’s Malabar region.
• In August 1920, Gandhi along with Shaukat Ali, the leader of the Khilafat movement in India visited Calicut to spread the combined message of non-cooperation and Khilafat among the residents of Malabar.
  • In response to Gandhi’s call, a Khilafat committee was formed in Malabar and the Mappilas, under their religious head Mahadum Tangal of Ponnani who pledged support to the non-cooperation movement.
• Khilafat Movement (1920 AD-1922 AD):
  • The Ali Brothers–Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali–launched an anti-British movement in 1920 AD–the movement for the restoration of the Khilafat Movement.
  • Maulana Abul Kalam Azad also led the movement. It was supported by Mahatma Gandhi and INC. 

The correct answer is Only I.

Key Points

• The chemical name of washing soda is sodium carbonate.
• But the chemical name of baking soda is Sodium Bicarbonate.

Additional Information

• The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Kodaikanal:
  • It is a tourist destination in Tamil Nadu of South India.
  • It is located at a height of 7200 feet on Palni Hills.
  • It is popularly known as 'Princess of hill stations.

Additional Information

• Some other important hill stations of south India are as follows.

The correct answer is United Arab Emirates.

In News

• UAE to host world's largest conservation conference in 2025.

Key Points

• The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has won the bid to host the 2025 World Conservation Congress (WCC) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
  • The WCC is the world's largest and most important gathering of conservationists, and it is expected to draw more than 10,000 delegates from over 160 countries.
• The UAE has a long history of environmental protection, and it is home to a number of important conservation initiatives, including the Sheikh Zayed Desert Learning Center and the Al Ain Oasis.
• The 2025 WCC will be held in Abu Dhabi from October 10-21, 2025.
• The event will be an opportunity for conservationists from around the world to come together and discuss the most pressing environmental challenges facing our planet. The WCC is also expected to produce a number of important resolutions and recommendations that will help to guide future conservation efforts.

Additional Information

• International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN):
  • It is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
  • It is involved in data gathering and analysis, research, field projects, advocacy, and education.
  • Headquarters: Gland, Switzerland
  • Founded: 5 October 1948
  • President: Razan Al Mubarak
  • CEO: Bruno Oberle
  • Founder: Julian Huxley

The correct answer is Thang-Ta.

Key Points

• Thang-ta
  • Thang-ta is a martial art form mainly practised in the state of Manipur.
  • Here Thang refers to a ‘Sword’  and Ta refers to ‘Spear’.
  • In this martial art form when unarmed combat is involved or no weapon is used while performing it, then it is known as Sarit Sarak.
  • It is also known as HUYEN LALLONG and CHEBI GATKA.

Additional Information

• Muay Tha
  • Muay Thai, also known as Thai boxing, is a combat sport of Thailand that uses stand-up striking along with various clinching techniques.
  • This discipline is known as the "Art of eight limbs", as it is characterised by the combined use of fists, elbows, knees, and shins. 

• Kalaripayattu
  • Kalaripayattu is a martial art.
  • It originated in Kerala from the 3rd century BC to the 2nd century AD.
  • The place where this martial art is practised is called a 'Kalari'.
  • It is considered to be among the oldest martial arts still in existence.

• Gatka
  • Gatka is a form of martial arts performed by the Sikhs of Punjab. 
  • It is a style of fighting which uses wooden sticks.
  • It originated in the 15th century but has undergone a revival in the 20th century and is now usually performed as a sword-dance at various Sikh festivals.

The correct answer is Thymus.

Key Points

• The thymus is a lobed organ situated near the heart, posterior to breast bone between the lungs and, beneath the breastbone.
• It is quite large at the time of birth but it gradually gets reduced with age.
• The thymus provides the micro-environment needed for the maturation & development of T-lymphocytes.
• The T-lymphocyte cells originate in the bone marrow but migrate or move to the thymus for maturation & development.
• The thymus produces progenitor cells.
• Thymus Gland releases the Thymosin hormone.

Additional Information

• The function of the Gonads is to produce gametes for reproduction and secrete sex hormones.
• The Adrenal Glands are small glands located on top of each kidney.
  • The adrenal cortex produces several hormones.
  • The most important are aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid), cortisol (a glucocorticoid), and androgens and estrogen (sex hormones).
• Thyroid Gland:
  • It produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate-controlling like heart, muscle and digestive function, brain development and bone maintenance.
  • Its good functioning depends on a good supply of iodine from the diet.

Explanation:

Fan: It is a type of electric motor.

• A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is termed an electrical motor.
• The working principle of an electric motor depends on the magnetic and electric field interaction.

Telephone receiver: 

• The system receives the electrical signals and convert them into a sound wave. 
• The electric signal is applied to a fixed magnetic field that produces audible sound. 
• This system is known as a telephone receiver.

Dynamo:

• A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy known as a dynamo.
• The electric dynamo uses rotating coils of wire and magnetic fields to convert mechanical rotation into a pulsing direct electric current.

So, Fan, Telephone receiver, Dynamo all are dependent of magnetic power of electricity.

The correct answer is Photosynthesis.

Key Points

• Plants clean the air through the process of photosynthesis. 
• Photosynthesis: It is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. In this process, plants use the chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and release oxygen.
• Some facts of photosynthesis:
  • Leaves are green because of chlorophyll.
  • Plants perform photosynthesis in organelles called chloroplasts.
  • Photosynthesis is the reverse of cellular respiration.
  • Photosynthesis makes the planet liveable.
• Photosynthesis is maximum in the Red colour of Light and Least in the Green colour of Light. 
• In the absorption spectrum, the red & blue lights are absorbed while the majority of green light gets reflected
• Photosynthesis range from 400 to 700 nm, It absorbs the Violet, Blue and Red colour of Light.
• In white light, all the colour spectrum energies are involved.

Additional Information 

• Respiration:
  • Respiration​ is an amphibolic and exergonic cellular process.
  • Respiration is of two types.
    • Aerobic respiration- with the use of oxygen. Eg plants
    • The equation of Aerobic Respiration
      • Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
    • Anaerobic respiration- without the use of oxygen. Eg yeast
    • The equation of Anaerobic Respiration
      • Glucose → Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + Energy
• ​​​Transpiration:​
  • The movement of water in plants and the evaporation of water through plant parts like roots leaves is called transpiration.
  • The rate of transpiration is checked by Potometer.
  • A small amount of water is needed for the growth of plant rest 95-97% of water is lost by transpiration.
  • Through leaves, transpiration occurs through stomata which are many openings on the surface of leaves.
  • It depends on several factors like the surface area of leaves (bigger the surface area higher the transpiration), the number of stomatal openings, temperature (higher the temperature, higher the transpiration), and water supply. 
• ​Desiccation:
  • Desiccation is the moisture removal process.
  • It is a state of extreme dryness e.g - drying out of living organisms.

The correct answer is the year 2002 to 2007.

Key Points

10th five-year plan-

• The tenth five-year plan period was from 2002-2007.
• The objective of the 10th five-year plan-
  • To promote inclusive growth and equitable development.
  • The 10th five-year plan focused on improving the GDP rate to 8% per annum.
  • It aimed at reducing the poverty by half and creating employment for 80 million people. Further, it aimed to reduce regional inequalities.
  • The target growth rate was 8.1% while the actual growth was 7.6%.

Important Points

Planning commission-

• Planning Commis­sion was set up on 15 March 1950 and the plan era started from 1 April 1951 with the launch­ing of the First Five Year Plan (1951-56)
• The dissolution of the Planning Commission was on 17 August 2014.
• The Planning Commission was replaced by a think tank called NITI (National Institution for Transforming India) AAYOG in 2015.

Additional Information

List of Five-Year Plans in India [1951-2017]