The correct answer is Custom duties.

Important Points

• The tax imposed on the import and export of commodities is called Custom duties.
• This is a form of foreign trade control and a policy that taxes foreign goods to encourage or protect domestic industry.
• Tariffs may be set (a constant sum per unit of imported goods or a percentage of the price) or variable (the amount varies by price). Import taxation means that consumers are less likely to purchase them because they are more costly.
• An excise tax is an indirect tax on the sale of a particular good or service charged by the Government.
• A VAT (Value-added tax) is a consumption tax that is imposed on a product whenever a value is added at each stage of the supply chain, from production to point of sale.
• Goods and Services Tax(GST) is an Indirect tax on the purchase of goods and services used in India.

The correct answer is the Equator.

Key Point

• The Equator
  • It is the longest possible latitude.  
  • It is centered at the latitude of 0 degrees which means that it is centered at the circumference of the earth.
  • The Equator is the largest parallel on the globe.
  • As the sphere is in the shape of the earth, this is the reason why the equator is the longest parallel of latitude.
  • The latitude of a place on the earth’s surface is its distance north or south of the equator.
  • It is measured along the meridian of that place at an angle from the center of the earth.
  • Lines joining places with the same latitudes are called parallels. 
  • The line drawn midway between the North Pole and the South Pole that is 0°Latitude is called the equator.
  • It is the largest circle and divides the globe into two equal halves, It is also called a great circle.

Additional Information

• The Tropic of Cancer
  • It is located 23.5 degrees north of the Equator. 
  • States through which Tropic of cancer pass: Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.
• Tropic of Capricorn
  • It is located at 23° S in the Southern Hemisphere.
  • It passes through Argentina, Australia, Botswana, Brazil, Chile, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, and Paraguay.
•  The latitude of the North Pole is 90 degrees N, and the latitude of the South Pole is 90 degrees S.
• The Arctic Circle is a parallel of latitude on the Earth at approximately 66.5 degrees north from the equator. 
• The Antarctic Circle is a parallel of latitude on the Earth at approximately 66.5 degrees south of the equator.

The correct answer is Iltutmish.

Key Points

• Mamluk Dynasty is also called the Slave Dynasty.
• Iltutmish ruled the Ghurid regions of northern India.
• He was a Turkish slave born in Central Asia.
• Iltutmish was the greatest of the slave rulers of Delhi, who shifted his capital from Lahore to Delhi. 
• He completed the construction of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque and the Qutb Minar.
• He introduced the two coins of the Sultanate, the silver tanka, and the copper jital.
• He also introduced the Iqtadari system in which the kingdom was divided into Iqtas which were assigned to nobles in exchange for a salary.

Additional Information

• Iltutmish’s forces captured Bihar in the 1210s and invaded Bengal in 1225.
• He died in 1236 and was succeeded by his daughter Razia Sultana as he did not consider his sons equal to the task.

Tomb of Iltutmish: Delhi (Close to Qutub Minar)

• The tomb of Shamsuddin Iltutmish is historically an important monument of Delhi under the management of the ASI.
• Located to the northwest of the Quwwatu'l Islam mosque in Delhi, it was built in 1235 by Iltutmish himself.

The correct answer is R C Ganjoo and Ashwini Bhatnagar.

Key Points

• A new book titled 'Operation Khatma' has been released.
• It is an eyewitness account by two journalists R C Ganjoo and Ashwini Bhatnagar.
• The operation by the Special Operations Group of Jammu and Kashmir Police led to the killing of 22 terrorists of the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF).
• The book has also been acquired by an international film production house for making a web series.

Additional Information  

• Some recently released books:​​

The correct answer is Venus.

Key Points

• Venus: 
  • Venus is Earth's twin in size.
  • Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system.
  • It is the brightest planet in the Solar System.
  • It is also sometimes referred to as the sister planet to Earth, due to their near similarity of size and mass.
  • Venus is referred to as the “morning star” and “evening star”.
  • It is the second planet from the Sun.

Additional Information

• Neptune
  • It is a Bluish-Greenish Star.
  • Neptune is the fourth-largest planet in diameter.
  • In terms of mass, it is 17 times the mass of Earth.
  • It takes 160 years approximately to orbit around the sun.
  • Its atmosphere comprises hydrogen and helium.
  • The absorption of red light by the atmosphere due to the trace amount of Methane gives this planet a greenish-blue to hue colour. 
• Jupiter:
  • Jupiter is the planet, orange in color with white bands on it.
  • Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar System.
  • Jupiter's atmosphere is mostly made up of hydrogen (H2) and helium (He).
• Saturn:
  • Saturn is known most for its rings.
  • It is the second-largest planet in our solar system.
  • Saturn's atmosphere is also mostly made up of hydrogen (H2) and helium (He).

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. Literature.

• Jnanpith Award is a literary award presented by the Bhartiya Jnanpith organization to Indian writers every year.
• The first Jnanpith award was given to G.Sankara Kurup (Malayalam) in 1965 for his novel "Odakkuzhal" (The Bamboo Flute).
• The winner is given a cash prize of Rs.11 lakh and a bronze replica of Goddess Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of learning.
• The first woman writer to be awarded this award was Ashapoorna Devi, a Bengali writer in 1976.
• Bhartiya Jnanpith organization was founded in 1944 by industrialist and philanthropist Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain.

Important Points

The Correct Answer is 1921.

Key Points

• Harappa was an Indus civilization urban centre.
• It lies in Punjab Province, Pakistan, on an old bank/bed of the River Ravi.
• Harappa was the first site of the civilization to be excavated in 1921.
• The excavation team was led by Daya Ram Sahni.

Important Points

• Mohenjo-Daro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji.

• River Padma is a major river that flows in Bangladesh.
• It is the main distributary of the Ganges.
• The Padma enters Bangladesh from India near Nawabganj and meets the Jamuna river.

The correct answer is Lakshadweep.

Important Points

• In terms of area, Lakshadweep is the smallest Union Territory of India. 
• Lakshadweep is the smallest Union Territory of India with an area of 32 sq km.

Additional Information

• In terms of area, Ladakh is the largest Union Territory of India.
• In terms of area, Rajasthan is the largest state of India.
• In terms of area, Goa is the smallest state of India.
• Kachchh (Gujarat) is the largest district in India.
• Mahe (Pondicherry) is the smallest district in India.

Confusion Points

• Leh District area - 45110 Sq Km
• Kachchh District area - 45674 Sq Km.
• Leh with an area of 45100 sq. Km. makes it one of the largest Districts in the country.
• Kutch is the largest district in terms of geographical area

The correct option is 4 i.e. Femur.

• The femur also is known as the thighbone, is the longest and strongest bone of the human skeleton.
• The stapes which is in the middle ear is the smallest and lightest bone of the human skeleton.
• Ligaments are the tough fibrous connective tissue that connects one bone to another.
• Tendons connect muscle to bone.