The correct answer is Aurangzeb.

Key Points

•  Aurangzeb:
  • He crowned himself with the title of "Alamgir".
  • He was called Zinda peer.
  • The Mughal area was the largest during the time of Aurangzeb.
  • He forbade:
    • Singing and dancing in his court
    • Sati system and Jharokha darshan.
    • Kalma written coin.
    • Astrology and Palm reading.
    • Tuladan practice.
  • Selling and drinking Alcohol and Bhang were prohibited in a public place during his time.
  • Aurangzeb used to play "Veena".
  • He started the Jaziya tax in 1679.
  • He gave permission to the French for setting up a factory at Surat in 1667.
  • Monuments:
    • Bibi ka Makabara: Aurangabad, Maharastra.
    • Moti Masjid: Delhi
    • Badshahi Masjid: Lahore.

Additional Information

• Humayun: 
  • He was defeated by Sher Shah Suri in the battle of Chausa in 1539.
  • He was again defeated by Sher Shah Suri in the battle of Kannauj in 1540. 
  • Humayunama was written by his half sister "Gulbadan Begum".
  • Humayun's tomb was built by his widow Haji Begum (Bega Begum) in Delhi. 
  • He died in 1556 due to falling from his Library stairs in Purana Quila, Delhi.
• Akbar:
  • He was born in 1542 at Amrakot, Sindh.
  • He was son of Humayun and Hameeda Bano Begum.
  • He was crowned by Bairam Khan at Kalanpur, Haryana in 1556.
  • He established Matrimonial Alliance between Mughal and Rajputs.
  • He introduced the Mansabdari system in 1574.
  • Monuments:
    • Ibadat Khana: Fatehpur Sikri, Agra.
    • Buland darwaza: Fatehpur Sikri, Agra.
• Jahangir:
  • In 1605, Prince Salim succeeded with the title Jahangir (Conqueror of World) when he assumed the throne after the death of Akbar.
  • He established Zanjir-i-Adil (chain of justice) at Agra for the seekers of royal justice.
  • He is the eldest son of Akbar was born at Fatehpur Sikri near Agra in 1569.
  • In 1611, he married Mehr-un-Nisa whom he gave the title of Nur Jahan (light of the world).
  • Nurjahan exercised tremendous influence over state affairs. She was made the official Badshah Begum. 
  • Jahangir issued coins jointly in Nurjahan's name and his own.
  • Jahangir also married Manbai in 1585 AD and Jodhbai (Jagat Gosain, daughter of Mota Raja Udai Singh) in 1587 AD.
  • He defeated and imprisoned his son, Khusrau Mirza.
  •  He also beheaded Guru Arjun, the 5th Sikh Guru and one of the supporters of Khusrau Mirza.
  • Captain Hawkins (1608-1611) and Sir Thomas Roe (1615-1616) visited Jahangir's court.
  • Production of Tobacco started in his reign.
  • He wrote his autobiography Tuzuk-i-Jahangir.
  • He was buried in Lahore in 1627.

The correct answer is 

Nairobi, Kenya.

Key Points

• World Habitat Day was first celebrated in 1986 in Nairobi, Kenya, and the theme chosen for that year was "Shelter is My Right".
• World Habitat Day is celebrated on the First Monday of October every year.
• The theme of World Habitat Day 2023 is "Resilient urban economies. Cities as drivers of growth and recovery"
• The purpose of World Habitat Day is to reflect on the state of our towns and cities, and on the basic right of all to adequate shelter.

Important Points 

Some important days of October:

The correct answer is All of the above.

In News

•  Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz And Anne L' Huillier Get Nobel Prize For Physics.

Key Points

• Scientists Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L'Huillier won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics for "experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter"
• The prize, which was raised this year to 11 million Swedish crowns (about $1 million), is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
• Physics is the second Nobel to be awarded this week after Hungarian scientist Katalin Kariko and U.S. colleague Drew Weissman won the medicine prize for making mRNA molecule discoveries that paved the way for COVID-19 vaccines.
• Last year, Alain Aspect, John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger won the Noble prize in Physics for work on quantum entanglement.

The correct answer is 74.04%

Key Points

• Census of 2011:-
  • As per the 2011 census, the literacy rate of India is 74.04 %.
    • Male literacy rate = 82.14%.
    • Female literacy rate = 65.46%.
  • The top five states and UTs where the literacy rate is the highest are:
    • Kerala (94%)
    • Lakshadweep (91.8%)
    • Mizoram (91.3%)
    • Goa (88.7%)
    • Tripura (87.2%).
  • Among the State/UTs, the male and female literacy rate is highest in Kerala (male: 96.11%, female 92.07%) and lowest in Bihar (male: 71.2%, female: 51.5%).

The Correct Answer is 1780-1784.

Key Points

• The second Anglo-Mysore war was fought in 1780-84 between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company.
• The immediate cause of the war was the attack on the French port Mahe by British troops led by Warren Hastings.
• During the war, Hyder Ali died but his son Tipu Sultan continued the struggle.
• Meanwhile, the French came to his assistance, and finally, the Treaty of Mangalore (1784) was signed.

Important Points

• The First Anglo-Mysore War - 1767–69
• The Second Anglo-Mysore War- 1780–84
• The Third Anglo-Mysore War- 1790–92.
• The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War- 1798–99.

The correct answer is Troposphere - Stratosphere - Mesosphere - Thermosphere.

Key Points

• The Earth's atmosphere has a series of layers, each with its own unique characteristics.
• Going away from the ground level, these levels are called the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere.
• The exosphere eventually slips away into the realm of interplanetary space.

Important Points

• The troposphere:
  • It is the lowest layer of our atmosphere.
  • Starting at ground level, it stretches up to around 10 km above sea level.
• The stratosphere:
  • ​ It stretches from the tip of the troposphere to about 50 km above the earth.
  • The notorious coating of ozone is contained inside the stratosphere.
• The mesosphere
  • It reaches up to a height of around 85 km above our earth.
  • A very unusual layer of air above the mesosphere is called the thermosphere.
  • High-energy X-rays and UV radiation from the Sun are absorbed in the thermosphere, raising the temperature to hundreds or even thousands of degrees.
• The exosphere:
  • It is the top layer of the Earth's atmosphere.
  • It begins at an altitude of about 500 km and goes up to about 10,000 km.
• The ionosphere:
  • ​It is the ionised component of the Earth's upper atmosphere, at an altitude of about 48 km to 965 km an area that covers the thermosphere and portions of the mesosphere and the exosphere.

• The correct answer is Himachal Pradesh.

Key Points 

• Rohtang Pass
  • It is a high mountain pass on the eastern end of the Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas around 51 km from Manali.
  • It connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahaul and Spiti Valleys of Himachal Pradesh.
  • It links Manali and Leh by road.
  • The pass lies on the watershed between the Chenab and Beas basins.
  • It as polar climate köppen (ET).

The correct answer is Boosting demand and technology transfer for the production of biofuels.

In News

• PM Modi launches Global Biofuels Alliance

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the launch of the Global Biofuels Alliance.
• A total of 19 countries and 12 international organizations have so far agreed to join the alliance, including both G20 members and non-member countries.
  • India, Brazil and the US are the founding members of the alliance.
• The non-G20 interested in joining the alliance are Iceland, Kenya, Guyana, Paraguay, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and Uganda and Finland.
• Further, World Bank, Asian Development Bank, World Economic Forum, World LPG Organization, UN Energy for All, UNIDO, Biofutures Platform, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Energy Agency, International Energy Forum, International Renewable Energy_ Agency, World Biogas Association are the interested international and multilateral organizations.
• The three founding members of alliance, the US, India and Brazil contribute about 85% of the global production and the 81% of consumption of ethanol.

The correct answer is Amrit Kaal Vision 2047.

In News

• Prime Minister Modi introduced the visionary plan "Amrit Kaal Vision 2047."

Key Points

• This blueprint outlines strategic initiatives for the development of the Indian maritime sector.
• It encompasses goals for port facilities, sustainable practices, and international collaboration.
• The objective is to achieve a thriving and environmentally conscious maritime economy by 2047.
• "Amrit Kaal Vision 2047" serves as a comprehensive guide for shaping the future of India's maritime industry.
• It ensures sustainable growth and prosperity for the nation in the decades ahead.

The Correct Answer is Narendra Modi.

In News

•  Prime Minister launches 'Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat)’ platform on the National Unity Day.

Key Points

•  The Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi launched 'Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat)’ platform for youth of the country on October 31st, at Kartavya Path on the National Unity Day.
• In a momentous decision on October 11, 2023, the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, gave its approval for the establishment of an autonomous body known as "Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat)."
• 'Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat)’ is envisioned as a pivotal, technology-driven facilitator for youth development and youth-led development, with the overarching goal of providing equitable opportunities to empower the youth in realizing their aspirations and contributing to the creation of a “Viksit Bharat” (developed India), across the entire spectrum of the Government.
• It envisions a framework where the youth of our country can seamlessly connect with programs, mentors, and their local communities.
• This engagement is designed to deepen their understanding of local issues and empower them to contribute to constructive solutions.