Traditional hybridization procedures used in plant and animal breeding, very often lead to the inclusion and multiplication of undesirable genes along with the desired genes.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

All the given statements about sucrose are correct.

Sucrose shows a glycosidic linkage between C -1 of glucose and C -2 of fructose, as shown below:

Sucrose is dextrorotatory but on hydrolysis, it gives an equimolar mixture of dextrorotatory [D−(+)]− glucose and laevorotatory [D−(−)−] fructose. Therefore, the hydrolysis of sucrose is accompanied by a change in sign of optical rotation from dextrorotatory to laevorotatory.

On hydrolysis with dilute acids or enzymes, it will give an equimolar mixture of α-D-(+) glucose and β - D - (-) fructose.

Since D-(-)- fructose has a larger specific rotation than D-(+)-glucose, the resulting mixture has a specific rotation of-39.9°. Therefore, the mixture is laevorotatory.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Absorption is a process by which the end products of digestion pass from the alimentary canal into the blood and lymph through the intestinal mucosa. It is carried out by the passive, active and facilitated type of transport mechanism.

Active transport mechanism occurs against the concentration gradient and is involved in the absorption of amino acids, monosaccharides like glucose, and electrolytes like Na⁺.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Carotenoids are the plant pigments that are responsible for imparting bright red, yellow and orange color in the plants. These are water-insoluble pigments, unsaturated molecules built up of isoprene units and are related to phytol structurally.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are height, skin color, eye color and weight. Polygenes exist in other organisms, as well.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

The reaction is as follows:

2H₂ + O₂ ------------> 2H₂O

This means that for every 2 molecules of Hydrogen gas, one molecule of Oxygen is needed to make 2 molecules of water

To calculate the enthalpy of this reaction, we use the equation:

Enthalpy of reaction = (Enthalpy of products) - (Enthalpy of reactants)

The Enthalpy of Formations for each molecule are:

H₂ = 0 kJ/mol

O₂ = 0 kJ/mol

H₂O = -285.83 kJ/mol

From the equation given earlier, we can put the numbers in and get

Enthalpy = -285.83 - (0+0)

This means Enthalpy of formation of water = -285.83 kJ/mol

Hence, the correct option is (C).

According to the relation between inertia moment and angular velocity,

Hence, the correct option is (A).

=1980 V

Hence, the correct option is (A).