One set of a plant was grown at 12 hour's day and 12 hour's night period cycles and it flowered while in the other set night phase was interrupted by the flash of light and it did not produce the flower. We will place this plant under the categories Short day.

It is a short day plant and it fails to flower if the dark period is interrupted by even a flash of light because the conditions indicates that the plant require photoperiod shorter than the critical day length and the plant needs an uninterrupted dark period for flowering.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

To verify ohm's law, one galvanometer is used as ammeter and another galvanometer as voltmeter.

Voltmeter should have high resistance (connected in parallel) ammeter should have low resistance (connected in series)

Given: R₁- high resistance, R₂ - low resistance

∴ R₁ should be parallel to voltmeter and R₂ should be series with ammeter.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

The eight steps of the citric acid cycle are a series of redox, dehydration, hydration, and decarboxylation reactions. Each turn of the cycle forms one GTP or ATP as well as three NADH molecules and one FADH2 molecule, which will be used in further steps of cellular respiration to produce ATP for the cell.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Adiabatic processes are processes in which the system cannot exchange energy with the surroundings, so there is ΔQ = 0 for them.

So from the first law of thermodynamics,

ΔQ = dU + ΔW 

0 = dU + ΔW 

Or dU = −ΔW = −PdV 

That is, the work done by the system in the adiabatic process reduces its internal energy, which decreases the temperature of the system.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Minamata disease is a disorder caused by methyl mercury poisoning that was first described in the inhabitants of Minamata Bay, Japan and resulted from their eating fish contaminated with mercury industrial waste.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

Epidermis, Endothecium, Middle layers, Tapetum are walls of anther.

The aforementioned parts form the wall of the anther. Epidermis forms the first layer. It surrounds the meristematic cells in young anthers. The second layer is the endothecium. Third layer is the middle layers and the innermost layer is the tapetum.

The anther wall contains four layers called the epidermis, endothecium, middle layer, and tapetum. Inside anther locules, pollen mother cells undergo meiosis to form microspores enclosed in the tetrad. Anther wall layers carry out different functions for pollen formation and release.

Hence, the correct option is (B).