The thyroid hormone is responsible for metabolism and metamorphosis. lodine is an element of the thyroid hormone, the deficiency of which leads to hypothyroidism. This happens because iodine is needed for the production of the hormone thyroxine. Hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes defective development and maturation of the growing baby leading to stunted growth (cretinism), mental retardation, low intelligence quotient, abnormal skin, deaf-mutism, etc. In adult women, hypothyroidism may cause menstrual cycle to become irregular.

'The first word in a biological name represents the species and the next represents genus.' is the correct statement.

Biological names need not have their origin in Latin but need to be Latinized or to be derived from Latin irrespective of the origin. Also in binomial nomenclature the generic epithet should start with a capital letter followed by the specific epithet starting with a small letter.

Contraception aims to prevent pregnancy. A woman can get pregnant if a man's sperm reaches one of her eggs. Contraception tries to stop this from happening by keeping the egg and sperm apart, stopping egg production. Oral contraceptives (birth control pills) are used to prevent pregnancy.

Estrogen and progestin are two female sex hormones. Combinations of estrogen and progestin work by preventing ovulation (the release of eggs from the ovaries).

In cob of maize, each ovary has a long silky (hairy) style, called as corn silk. Collectively these styles protrude at the end of a young cob. The grains are formed on the cob which remain covered by the leafy bracts. It provides a female flower surface to which pollen grains adhere. The corn silk tip is the stigma.

Maize cobs are a by-product of the maize crop, consisting of the central fibrous rachis of the female inflorescence( the maize ear).

In Pistia (water lettuce) vegetative propagation occurs by offset where one intemode long runners grows horizontally along the soil surface and gives rise to new plants either from axillary or terminal buds.

Alveoli are the site of the respiratory exchange of gases. Oxygen from the alveolar air diffuses through the alveolar epithelium and the capillary endothelium into the capillary blood and carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction.

The frontal lobe of the cerebrum controls all the voluntary activities of the body. It is the seat of memory, will, intelligence, reasoning, learning, behavior and movement. The temporal lobe is responsible for sight and the brain stem controls the breathing and respiration, regulates the heartbeat and maintains the temperature.

Utricularia, commonly and collectively called the bladderworts, is a genus of carnivorous plants consisting of approximately 233 species. They occur in fresh water and wet soil as terrestrial or aquatic species across every continent except Antarctica

The sodium fusion test is also known as Lassaigne’s Test popularly as it was developed by J. L. Lassaigne.

Nitrogen, Sulphur, and halogens present in organic compounds are detected by Lassaigne’s test.

The principle is that, in doing so, Na converts all the elements present into ionic form. A variety of techniques has been described.