This is the type of the cell in which electrodes at different pressures are dipped in same electrolyte and connectivity is made by a salt-bridge.

This is a type of concentration cell using hydrogen electrode as anode and cathode.

Thermal stability ∝ bond dissociation energy

(where, E = group 16 elements)

On moving down the group, bond dissociation energy decreases due to increase in bond length. Thus, the order of bond dissociation energy or thermal stability is 

H₂O > H₂S > H₂Se > H₂Te > H₂PO

Ozone is thermodynamically unstable w.r.t oxygen since, its decomposition into oxygen results in liberation of heat.

This is in accordance with Henry's law.

'At a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid.'

For ideal conditions, mixing of heat and mixing of volume must be zero and there should be no interaction between the solute-solvent, solvent-solution, solvent-solvent, etc.

As Al₂(SO₄)₃ has maximum ions, so it has the highest boiling point.

Here, X = P_T ​= p₁ ​+ p₂ ​= Total pressure of the solution.

p₁ and p₂ ​is the partial pressure of component 1 and 2 respectively.

Y = x₂ ​= mole fraction of component 2 in the liquid phase.

Z = y₂ ​= mole fraction of component 2 in the vapour phase.

When mole fraction of component 2 in the liquid phase is 0 then mole fraction of component 2 in the vapour phase is also 0 which means the liquid is pure of component 1 only.

A cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

• It consists of two solid electrodes and this solid electrodes are placed in an electrolyte and connected together by an electrical conductor such as wire.
• The two electrodes should be made up of two different metals and the electrolyte solution can be an alkaline, acidic or salt solution depending on the situation.
• These electrodes can be depicted as two half cells set up in different containers and are connected through a porous or salt solution.