Cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the body which is harmfulto other normal cells. Cancer is till date incurable, and once detected, a person’s lifespan can be extended by keeping the situation better for some time only. The various possible ways to cure the uncontrolled proliferation is surgery, radiation and drugs. Surgically removal of the oncogenic cells is the first step, followed by radiation and drugs.

sarcoma is a cancer that would arise from the transformed cells of mesoderm. Thus, malignant tumors made of cancellous bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, vascular or hematopoietic tissues considered sarcomes. Human sarcomes are quite rare. Common malignancies occur in breast, colon, and lung.

invasion of malarial parasite brings extensive changes in host red cells. This will include the loss of normal discoid shape, increased rigidity of membrane, elevated permeability to wide variety of ionic and other species, and increased adhesivesness, mostly in endothelial surfaces.

merozoites invade red blood cells where they will undergo another asexual cell called the erythrocytic schizogony. It is called erythrocytic cycle. These mature trophozoites develop into schizonts. The erythrocytic cycle will result in formation of 4 to 36 new parasites in each infected cell within 44 to 72 hour periods.

Organic farming is the method of crop production by avoiding use of pesticides, fertilizers. It makes use of fertilizers of organic origin like manure, compost etc. The food produced is containing higher levels of Vitamin C, essential minerals like ion, magnesium, phosphorus and natural antioxidants

In anaerobic sludge digester, some anaerobic bacteria starts growing and digests bacteria and fungi in the sludge, and produce a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases together form biogas.

The mexican wheat varieties are high yielding wheat varieties and also have a short growth period which led to their introduction in India to boost the food production. Eg: Sonalika and Kalyan sona.

Mutation is the process by which genetic variations are created through changes in the base sequence within genes resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type. It is possible to induce mutations artificially through use of chemicals or radiations (like gamma radiations), and selecting and using the plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding – this process is called mutation breeding. In mung bean, resistance to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew were induced by mutations.

Taichung Native -1 rice variety is a semi-dwarf variety of rice that was developed in Taiwan and then later introduced in India as a part of green revolution because of its high yield.

the reason why sexual activity is a risk for HIV transmission is because it allows the exchange of body fluids including semen and vaginal fluids. It can also spread through blood. It can be detected in saliva, teras and urine. Oral contraceptives can avoid conception but does not protect the individual from exchange of body fluids during sex. This is the reason why it can lead to spread of HIV.

In dispersion without deviation yellow coloured ray is parallel to the incident ray

We use flint glass prism to disperse polychromatic light because light of different colours have different anisotropic properties while travelling through the prism

Generally, decreasing order of wavelength of spectrum is 
Radio waves > micro waves > infrared > visible > ultra violet > X-rays > gamma rays 
So, 
Decreasing order of wavelength of various rays Microwave >Infrared>Ultraviolet>Gamma rays

The oxidizing nature of H₂O₂ is due to the possession of labile oxygen atom. The equation for its oxidizing nature can be written as: 
H₂O₂ →H₂O + [O]

For 4s orbital, n=4, l =0 
Number of radial nodes for 4s orbital=n – l – 1 = 4 – 0 – 1 = 3